英雄たちの選択 2025年3月31日 ラストサムライ 謎多き新選組隊士 斎藤一[字]
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00:00Shinsengumi, the strongest scouting group that made its name in Kyoto during the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake.
00:10There is a person who is extremely popular among the famous Kondo Isami and Ijikata Toshizora.
00:22The young ace of Shinsengumi, Saito Hajime.
00:27Saito has become a character in many manga and games and is gaining wide popularity.
00:36He is known as a mysterious person.
00:43Saito is said to be one of the best in Shinsengumi, but the swordsmanship and the swords used are not clear.
00:51In addition, he has changed his name and whereabouts many times in his life, and there were many places where he was not known.
01:05However, a discovery of a document changed the situation greatly.
01:12A photo of Saito was found and his request was released to the world for the first time.
01:22This led to a review of the documents, and Saito's actions gradually became clear.
01:33On the other hand, the documents written by Saito himself were not found, and what he was thinking was still closed in the darkness.
01:44Experts in various fields unraveled the mystery of Saito Hajime's heart.
01:52I love it. I love it. I have a talent for this sword.
01:57I may have noticed that there is a way to make use of a new sword.
02:04I think there is a reason why you like swords.
02:07I like swords.
02:08I think there is a reason why you like swords.
02:10I think there is a reason why you like swords.
02:12I think it was not a sword to kill people, but a sword to maintain the order of society.
02:19There is a place where he is protecting something with martial arts.
02:24In that sense, he is really consistent.
02:29After the death of Director Kondo Isami, Saito was entrusted with the leadership of Shinsengumi and participated in the Boshin War in Aizu.
02:39While Hijikata was leaving, Saito, who continued to fight in Aizu, was said to have said this.
02:49It is not true that he abandoned his ambition here.
02:59Saito survived the battle and lived to be 72 years old, but he rarely talked about the Shinsengumi era.
03:08Saito Hajime, a Shinsengumi ambassador who continued to live as a samurai from Japan in the Konmei era, looks at Saito Hajime's unknown reality.
03:38What will happen to Saito Hajime?
04:00Good evening, everyone.
04:02At the turning point in history, the choice was made by the heroes.
04:06What did they think and worry about at that time?
04:10And what would you do?
04:12Here is the main character of this time.
04:16Saito Hajime, one of the ambassadors of the Shinsengumi, which became famous in Kyoto at the end of the war.
04:22Mr. Isora, what is your impression of Saito Hajime?
04:26I think he survived well.
04:27In the Shinsengumi, internal purification is done, and sometimes people are killed.
04:34In such an organization, Saito Hajime survived to the end.
04:38It's a pretty long name.
04:40I feel like he's moving in a different way from other ambassadors, such as Toshizo Hijikata.
04:47I want to see a Shinsengumi that is not just about Hijikata.
04:53By the way, my favorite is Okita, not Saito.
04:57There are not many groups of samurai who are called favorites like idol groups.
05:03I'm interested in the phenomenon itself.
05:07Let's see how Saito Hajime became the ambassador of the Shinsengumi.
05:13Let's take a look.
05:19A photo of Saito Hajime was found at the Fukushima Prefectural Museum in Aizuwakamatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture.
05:33This is the photo of Saito Hajime at the end of the war.
05:39Former ambassador of the Shinsengumi, Saito Hajime.
05:44This photo was taken in the 1930s, and is thought to be in his fifties.
05:53I couldn't find a photo of Saito Hajime's face.
05:59But when I saw this photo, I realized that he had a face like this.
06:07His eyes, his back, everything was perfect.
06:13I think he was quite popular when he was young.
06:21Saito Hajime was born in Edo in the 15th year of the Tenpō period.
06:25When he was ten years old, a black ship arrived, and Japan entered the age of the Gekidō.
06:36When Saito Hajime grew up, he joined the Shieikan, where Kondo Isami was a dojo owner.
06:43He was said to have learned swordsmanship from Hijikata Toshizo and other Shinsengumi ambassadors.
06:49It was in the third year of the Bunkyū period that Saito Hajime joined the Shieikan.
06:56The Shogunate recruited the Roshi-gumi as a guard of the Shogunate.
07:02The members of the Shieikan also joined the Roshi-gumi.
07:09The names of the participants are written on the new Roshi Seimei-bo, discovered in 2017.
07:15The members of the Shieikan, such as Okita Soji and Nagakura Shinpachi, are lined up, but Saito Hajime's name is not written there.
07:26There are various theories about his birth and career.
07:31Saito Hajime is said to be a mysterious person.
07:35Where was he at this time?
07:38Saito Hajime is said to be a mysterious person.
07:41Where was he at this time?
07:49The clue to solving this mystery is the family record left by Saito's eldest son in the Showa 31st year.
07:58According to this, Saito was originally named Yamaguchi Hajime, and was born as the third son of the Yamaguchi family.
08:10His father was a foot soldier of the Akashi-han in the country of Harima, but he left for Edo and became a samurai.
08:18His father was a foot soldier of the Akashi-han in the country of Harima, but he left for Edo and became a samurai.
08:26Mr. Ito Seiro, who has been studying the Shinsengumi for many years, says this about the Yamaguchi family where Saito was born.
08:37I don't think I was that expensive.
08:41However, Saito Hajime later told his friends that he was an ex-Bakushin.
08:48So I think Saito Hajime valued his position more than his family's reputation as a Bakushin.
08:59Such Saito causes an incident.
09:04Saito Hajime's death
09:08At the age of 19, he had a dispute with his superior, Hatamoto, and was killed by a sword.
09:23Saito left Edo to hide in a Kenjutsu dojo in Kyoto.
09:34The following year, he came to Kondo and Hijikata as a member of the Roshi-gumi.
09:46They used this Yagi-tei in Kyoto as their headquarters and were called the Roshi-gumi of Kyoto.
09:55Saito Hajime
09:58Saito Hajime is one of the members of the Roshi-gumi.
10:06Saito abandoned the name Yamaguchi, who had committed a crime in Edo, and decided to live a new life in Kyoto.
10:16The Roshi-gumi was led by Aizu Han, who was appointed as the guard of Kyoto by the Bakufu.
10:28Saito was entrusted with the guard of Kyoto by Aizu Han's son, Katamori Matsudaira.
10:34He was in charge of the death of the Bakufu and the arrest of the Roshi.
10:40Katamori gave Saito the name of the Shinsengumi.
10:54This is a drawing of Saito Hajime, a member of the Shinsengumi.
11:03Saito was the leader of the Shinsengumi, and was also in charge of the death of the Roshi-gumi.
11:15However, there are many mysteries about the sword's blade.
11:22There is a story about Saito's sword.
11:26He probably used a stone magoroku.
11:29A stone magoroku is a very powerful sword.
11:32It is said that it is suitable for cutting the opponent.
11:37Saito talks about swordsmanship in his book.
11:41In the case of fighting with a sword drawn out,
11:45the opponent is already dead if you swing it up and advance.
11:57There was a reason why Saito was said to be Kondo Isami's favorite.
12:04Kondo Isami's favorite, Saito.
12:07There was a reason for that.
12:15In March of the 3rd year of the Keio period,
12:18Ito Kashitaro, who had a disagreement with Kondo,
12:21was separated from the Shinsengumi,
12:24and formed the Goryo-eji to protect the Komei-Tenno.
12:33At this time, it is recorded that Saito also left the Shinsengumi and became the Goryo-eji.
12:39Why did that happen?
12:47The Shinsengumi ambassador who lived until the Taisho period,
12:50Shinpachi Nagakura, talks about the situation at the time.
12:55Kondo ordered Saito to investigate Ito's true intentions.
13:03In fact, Saito was entrusted with secret surveillance,
13:06that is, spy activity.
13:14In fact, eight months later,
13:17Saito escaped from the headquarters of the Goryo-eji.
13:23He rushed to the Shinsengumi,
13:26and informed them that Ito was planning to kill Kondo.
13:34After completing his role as a spy,
13:37Saito returned to the Shinsengumi.
13:40Since there was a rule that the Goryo-eji was not allowed to join the Shinsengumi,
13:44Saito changed his name again to Yamaguchi Jiro.
13:52Immediately after that,
13:55Kondo ordered Saito to protect Kishu Hanshi Miura,
13:58who was suspected of being the mastermind behind the murder of Sakamoto Ryoma.
14:07He was also attacked by the Tenma-ya incident.
14:10In the end, he defeated the enemy
14:13and saved Miura's life.
14:22What is left to be told is that Kondo sent him to Saito.
14:30This is based on the legend of Hakuzosu,
14:33a fox youkai disguised as a monk.
14:37It may contain the thoughts of Kondo,
14:40who entrusted a special mission to Saito,
14:43such as being a spy and a guard.
14:49There are many people in the Shinsengumi
14:52who can be trusted,
14:55so Kondo wanted to entrust such a job to someone he could trust.
14:58This is the story of the story of Kondo.
15:01There are many people in the Shinsengumi
15:04who can be trusted,
15:07so Kondo wanted to entrust such a job to someone he could trust.
15:12Kondo, who has been carrying out his job as a shadow
15:15in the Shinsengumi,
15:18who is well-known in Kyoto.
15:21But later, Saito
15:24will soon become the leader of the Shinsengumi.
15:31Thank you for joining us once again for this special edition of the Kiyoshi Nobori Novels.
15:38Let's start with the novelist, Kiyoshi Nobori.
15:42Kiyoshi-san, you have written a novel based on the Shinsengumi.
15:46What are your first impressions of Saito?
15:48Bakumatsu is also a period of thought.
15:52The Koubu Gattai, the Kinnoha, the Sabakuha,
15:56and many other thoughts have been mixed up,
15:59and it's a period of change that happens in a very short span.
16:02It's hard to see his thoughts.
16:05I think it's hard to understand what kind of thoughts he had,
16:08and how he saw Japan.
16:12There is a person named Kanefumi Nishimura in the Nishihonganji,
16:17and he has written about Saito.
16:21What's interesting about him is that he has the habit of killing.
16:26I think he was very much a killer.
16:29I think he was a little scary, even among the Shinsengumi.
16:36Let's move on to the historian, Manabu Oishi.
16:39Oishi-san, how do you see the Shinsengumi among researchers?
16:45In the old days, they were more like a violent group.
16:53However, if you think about it, they were also samurai who protected Kyoto's peace.
16:59So, they must have been re-examined,
17:04and they must have been re-examined,
17:07and they must have been re-examined,
17:10and they must have been re-examined,
17:14Let's move on to the philosopher, Mr. Toshihito Kayano.
17:17Mr. Kayano, what was your impression of Saito?
17:21In the Shinsengumi, for example, he was in charge of information activities,
17:25or he was in charge of caution,
17:28or he was in charge of caution,
17:32or he was in charge of caution,
17:35and he was in charge of caution,
17:38and he was in charge of caution,
17:43and so he did not turn back,
17:46and even in the midst of the confusion of various circumstances,
17:49and even in the midst of the confusion of various situations,
17:52he fulfilled his first mission.
17:56I think he is a person who is relatively interested in strength and status.
18:02He is not interested in power or money.
18:05He is more inclined to information activities of love.
18:08He is not more inclined to information activities of love.
18:12They're obsessed with their samurai status, or with God.
18:17People have different things in their hearts that they're obsessed with.
18:21For example, it's impossible for me to be obsessed with money or status, right?
18:25If I say, I have a marriage certificate, they'll go, huh?
18:28If I say, I have something interesting, they'll go, too.
18:32Mr. Kiyuchi, why did you join the Shinsengumi in the first place?
18:37I think it was very important to be able to use the sword.
18:41For about 200 years, most of the samurai in the Shinsengumi
18:46have been learning how to use the sword, but they haven't had the experience.
18:51I think that Saito was already aware that he had the talent to use the sword.
18:57I think he had a sense of duty to be able to use the sword.
19:07At that time, samurai were divided into groups of soldiers and soldiers,
19:12so they were more and more simplified.
19:14In the document, it says,
19:16you have to commute to the castle, so you're a commuter.
19:19On the other hand, the Shinsengumi is an organization that has a legal police function,
19:24so I think they were able to find their own place in terms of being able to show their power.
19:29I think they were able to incorporate it into their work.
19:34I think it's a sense of ethics to be able to do all the work.
19:39I think it's a sense of ethics to do the work given to you.
19:44I think it's a sense of ethics to be able to do the work given to you.
19:49I think it's a sense of ethics to be able to do the work given to you.
19:54I think it's a sense of ethics to be able to do the work given to you.
19:57I think it's a sense of ethics to be able to do the work given to you.
20:01For example, Max Weber says that as a feature of the modern people,
20:05there is a place where they think of their job as a mission.
20:10Regardless of various political ideologies,
20:15they do their job as a mission in the reality they are given.
20:20regardless of various political ideologies, they do their job as a mission in the reality they are given.
20:25Shinsengumi has a modern side to it.
20:29The members of Shinsengumi are independent.
20:32For example, the members of the HAN are different because their parents are of different social class.
20:38So I think there are many people who don't like being in Shinsengumi.
20:41I think there are many people who don't like being in Shinsengumi.
20:44In that sense, they have a modern side.
20:46Shinsengumi is very functional.
20:50They would follow the orders of the authorities and carry out their duties mechanically.
20:57If you tell them that they can do this much police work in this part of Kyoto,
21:02they will do it without thinking about their own judgment.
21:05They just cut people like machines.
21:08That's it.
21:10It's an organization for people like that.
21:14After this, the riots in Bakumatsu intensified and a new war broke out.
21:19Let's take a look at what happened to Saito and Shinsengumi.
21:26In January of the 4th year of the Keio Reign,
21:29the battle of Toba-Fushimi broke out in Kyoto.
21:35The war between the former Bakufu army, which had taken over the government,
21:39and the Shinsengfu army, which was the main force of Satsuma Choshu,
21:43was the beginning of a new war.
21:46The Shinsengumi joined the battle as a member of the former Bakufu army with Aizu-han.
21:55The war between Saito and Hajime, named after Yamaguchi Jiro, was in vain,
21:59and many ambassadors lost their lives.
22:07The battle ended in the defeat of the former Bakufu army,
22:10and the Shinsengumi retreated to Edo.
22:15The Shinsengumi retreated to Edo.
22:20After that, the Shinsengumi, which was defeated in the battle of Katsunuma in Koshu,
22:25went on their way to the Honkai.
22:33Shinpachi Nagakura, who had been the center of the Shinsengumi since the Shieikan era,
22:38and Sanosuke Harada left the Shinsengumi due to a conflict of opinion.
22:46Kondo Isami, the chief of the Shinsengumi, was captured by the Shinsengfu army and became a survivor.
22:59Toshizo Hijikata, the deputy chief of the Shinsengumi, was injured in the battle of Utsunomiya,
23:05and had to leave the Shinsengumi.
23:09Yamaguchi Jiro, also known as Saito Hajime, was left in charge of the Shinsengumi,
23:15which was in a state of crisis.
23:22The Shinsengumi was headed by Saito,
23:25led by the remaining 20 ambassadors.
23:39The Shinsengumi was the target of the Shinsengfu's suppression.
23:43Why did Saito go to the Shinsengumi?
23:52In the Kyoto period, the Shinsengumi was the only Shinsengumi left in the Kyoto Shogoshoku.
23:58So the Shinsengumi had a closer reaction to the Shinsengumi than the Shinsengumi.
24:04I think it was natural for the Shinsengumi to fight for the Shinsengumi.
24:12Tenneiji, located in Aizu Wakamatsu City.
24:15The Shinsengumi, which became a direct subordinate of the Aizu faction, set up camp here.
24:22Then, the ambassadors, who were scattered all over the place, gathered.
24:26Behind the temple was the grave of Kondo Isami, the chief of the Shinsengumi.
24:37The Shinsengumi was led by Kondo,
24:40and Saito and the others were involved in the battle against the Shinsengumi.
24:45The Shinsengumi was said to have won the battle against the Shinsengumi.
24:55The battle of Shirakawaguchi, which began in April of the 4th year of the Keio period, was said to have decided the number of the Shinsengumi.
25:07Mr. Toyohiro Uchino, who studies the history of Shirakawa, guided us to the battlefield.
25:16Shirakawa has been a border between the East and the North,
25:21and it has been a place of transportation since ancient times.
25:27For the Aizu faction, if Shirakawa was suppressed,
25:31they would be attacked by the Aizu at once.
25:34It was a place where the Shinsengumi should never be captured.
25:40The Aizu faction entered Komine Castle to suppress Shirakawa.
25:46The Shinsengumi led by Saito was dispatched to the castle to secure the castle's defense.
25:57On April 25th, Uru, the Shinsengumi's army of about 400 people came to attack.
26:10Attack the Shinsengumi!
26:13The Shinsengumi's army of about 130 people counterattacked.
26:18A fierce battle ensued, and it is recorded that Saito and his men nearly defeated the enemy.
26:32Eventually, the Aizu's reinforcements arrived.
26:36And then...
26:38Fire!
26:42The Shinsengumi was successfully repelled by the fire from Yokoai.
26:54After winning the battle, Saito asked Karo and Saigo, who led the Aizu army,
27:00to move the army south.
27:04If the Shinsengumi did not move the enemy's army,
27:08Shirakawa would not be able to defend Komine Castle.
27:16But Saigo didn't accept Saito's request,
27:20saying that the army should be concentrated in Komine Castle.
27:26Then, on May 1st, the Shinsengumi's army advanced again.
27:31They were approaching the place where the battle would be decided.
27:39This is Inariyama.
27:42This is the place where the biggest battle of Shirakawa-guchi,
27:47the battle of May 1st, took place.
27:51The Shinsengumi's army moved to Inariyama,
27:56which is located in the south of Komine Castle.
28:01The Shinsengumi's army concentrated in Inariyama,
28:06and the battle would be decided.
28:12Fire!
28:16Fire!
28:19Fire!
28:21A fierce battle started in Inariyama.
28:24But this was the Shinsengumi's diversionary strategy.
28:32When the Shinsengumi rushed to Inariyama for help,
28:37the Shinsengumi surrounded Inariyama.
28:43The Shinsengumi captured Komine Castle while the main force was under siege.
28:51This was the situation that Saito was worried about.
29:00There were about 700 Shinsengumi,
29:03and there were 2,500 to 3,000 allies.
29:09After the battle of May 1st,
29:12the allies said that they sent about 700 Shinsengumi.
29:21After that, Aizu-han and the Shinsengumi tried to recapture the castle,
29:26but they failed every time.
29:31The battle lasted for 100 days.
29:35As a result, many Shinsengumi died,
29:38and the Aizu army had to retreat from Shirakawa.
29:47After that, the Shinsengumi advanced to Aizu.
29:52On August 23rd, the Shinsengumi reached Aizu Wakamatsu Castle.
29:57From here, the Aizu army entered a tough battle.
30:08Saito continued to fight outside the castle with the former Bakufu army,
30:13but he was short of food and ammunition.
30:18The former Bakufu army told him that he should abandon Aizu
30:23and return to the battlefield.
30:31Saito's words were written on the banner of the former Bakufu army.
30:38I want to go to Aizu again.
30:43He wanted to go to Aizu again,
30:46and he was about to surrender,
30:49but abandoning Aizu was not the right thing to do.
30:56He lost his allies one after another,
30:59but he stayed until the end,
31:01and led the Shinsengumi.
31:03That thought made Saito Hajime stronger.
31:07I think this was the origin of his battle.
31:16However, Saito and Aizu were pushed into a more difficult situation.
31:29Saito Hajime, who became the captain of the Shinsengumi,
31:32continued to fight against the Shinsengumi in Aizu.
31:35Mr. Oishi, what did Saito Hajime think about the Aizu?
31:41He was in a different position from the Shinsengumi.
31:47In the case of Kondo Hijikata,
31:49the Bakufu or Tokugawa family was at the end.
31:52In his case, it was a bit blank.
31:54He had been involved with Aizu since Kyoto.
31:57He had been working for Aizu,
32:00and Toba Fushimi was fighting with Aizu.
32:03I think his sense of nobility was Aizu.
32:06He was Aizu first.
32:09I think it was a big deal for him
32:12to be given the title of Aizu-han,
32:15which gave him his status.
32:18Also, I think Katamori was a very good person.
32:22He was the type of person who was very considerate
32:26to the employees, even at the lowest level of the subsidiary.
32:30If he was tired of Kondo,
32:33he could have gone to Tojin.
32:36I think it was a big deal for him
32:39to be involved with Katamori.
32:43Mr. Kaino, what do you think about Saito Hajime,
32:46who fought in Aizu?
32:48I think he acted without a sense of competition.
32:51If he had a sense of competition,
32:54he could have created an independent country
32:57like Hijikata.
32:59I think he had a sense of competition,
33:02but he didn't act like that.
33:05Instead, he tried to act in a relationship
33:08that gave him a concrete job.
33:11Aizu-han, who gave him a solid status,
33:14was a person who was a flower-seller.
33:17I think he was trying to do his job
33:20in that relationship.
33:25Aizu-han is really like that.
33:28Aizu-han doesn't have a sense of competition.
33:31He does what he has to do as a samurai.
33:34When I reformed Aizu-han,
33:37I read a symbolic document.
33:40It said,
33:42Aizu-han is the fifth eye.
33:45What does that mean?
33:48Aizu-han said,
33:51Aizu-han is the fifth eye.
33:54Aizu-han is the fifth eye.
33:57Aizu-han is protecting Tokugawa family.
34:00Aizu-han's ancestors
34:03ordered Aizu-han to fight for Tokugawa family.
34:06So, Aizu-han is going to destroy Tokugawa family.
34:09Aizu-han is like a machine.
34:12I think Saito Hajime saw the beauty of Aizu-han.
34:15Saito Hajime said that
34:18Aizu-han's withdrawal argument
34:21was not true.
34:24The difficulty of Aizu-han
34:27is that it is a little different
34:30from the so-called samurai etiquette.
34:33Saito Hajime thought about
34:36how to use his own sword
34:39as he was talented.
34:42He thought about
34:45how to use his sword.
34:48It's strange to say he saved Aizu-han,
34:51but if he thought about
34:54how to use his sword
34:57to save Aizu-han's people,
35:00I think it would lead to
35:03the meaning of Koto-no-gi.
35:06I think it would lead to
35:09the meaning of Koto-no-gi.
35:12What Saito Hajime should do
35:15is to think that
35:18it is his duty as a samurai
35:21to use his sword
35:24even if he has to risk his life.
35:27If he does that,
35:30it is not his duty as a samurai
35:33to abandon Aizu-han and
35:36move to the north.
35:39I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
35:42As long as you are with Aizu-han,
35:45you can do anything you want.
35:48I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
35:51I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
35:54I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
35:57I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
36:00I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
36:03I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
36:06I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
36:09I think that's what Saito Hajime thought.
36:12Saito Hajime was exiled to Aizu.
36:15It was time for him to make his decision.
36:20There is a place called Nyorai-do
36:23is in the north of Aizu Akamatsu Castle.
36:29Saito Hajime died on September 4, 1592.
36:32The last remaining Shinsengumi Taishi
36:35was about 13 years old.
36:42The next day, more than 300 Shinsengumi soldiers raided the Nyorai-do.
36:55As a result, the Shinsengumi were annihilated, and many were killed.
37:01After this battle, Saito Hajime, the captain, suddenly disappeared and was nowhere to be found.
37:23Around this time, the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo railroad line was also in a state of chaos.
37:31More than 5,000 people, including women, elderly people and children, were trapped in the castle, and the Shinsengumi were repeatedly shelled.
37:46A woman described the situation inside the castle as follows after the battle.
37:51The floor of the room was shot through with a cannonball, and the person who hit it was buried under the floor.
38:08I thought that if I was shot here, I would be ashamed of my death.
38:14The Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line continued to fight, including women and children.
38:20However, the day of the fall was drawing near.
38:27The Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line, including the Yonezawa-line and the Sendai-line, was ambushed by the Shinsengumi.
38:35The Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line surrendered to the Shinsengumi.
38:42Enomoto Takeaki, who was in charge of the old Bakufu-kantai, and Hijikata Toshizo, the Shinsengumi vice-captain who was in Sendai, were not in a situation to rescue the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line.
38:54In the midst of such a tough battle, Saito Hajime, who had lost his way, was forced to make a choice.
39:02Let's try to make a decision.
39:14The Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line is exposed to the fierce attack of the Shinsengumi.
39:19There is no way to avoid the fall.
39:28We should leave the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line and join forces with Hijikata Toshizo.
39:34The old Bakufu-kantai is gathering in Sendai.
39:39If we re-establish a strategy with them, we may be able to resist the Shinsengumi again.
39:50But wait!
39:53Is it okay to abandon the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line?
39:59Without the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line, the Shinsengumi would not have been born.
40:04I can live as a samurai thanks to the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line.
40:09I can live as a samurai thanks to the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line.
40:17If I stay in the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line and continue to fight for the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line, I will be a samurai.
40:26This is the only place where I can die.
40:32Will he leave the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line? Or will he continue to fight for the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line?
40:39The time of choice has come for Saito Hajime.
40:48The time of choice has come for Saito Hajime to decide how to act in a situation where the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line is essential.
40:55The time of choice has come for Saito Hajime to decide how to act in a situation where the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line is essential.
40:58Will he leave the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line and join the Hijikata? Or will he stay in the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line and continue to fight for the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line?
41:04If you were in Saito's position, which would you choose?
41:10I would choose option 2.
41:13I think it would be a good choice to join a larger organization with Hijikata, and to aim for a comeback.
41:22However, I'm not sure what kind of role I would have there.
41:26I'm worried.
41:27But as long as I'm in the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line, I can clearly see how I will be a part of the Aizu-Wakamatsu-jo line.
41:35And even if Aizu loses,
41:38we want to find a way to contribute to Aizu in a different way,
41:42a way to contribute to the organization.
41:44That's why we chose Option 2.
41:47What about you, Mr. Kairo?
41:49I chose Option 2,
41:51remaining in Aizu and continuing to fight.
41:55At this point,
41:57Saito has no intention of running away.
42:01He's been cornered and is ready to die at any time.
42:05I don't think he would have chosen Option 1.
42:11However,
42:13if you want to be loyal to your job,
42:15you need to find a way to survive.
42:19Even if you die for Aizu,
42:23it doesn't mean you're from Aizu.
42:26It doesn't mean that Aizu will continue to verify your death.
42:31So, for him,
42:33if he can only prove his existence by being loyal to his job,
42:39whether he joins Hijikata or not,
42:42leaving Aizu
42:46is the right choice.
42:52What about you, Ms. Kiyuchi?
42:55I chose Option 2,
42:57remaining in Aizu and continuing to fight.
43:00The most important thing is
43:03to contribute to the people of Katamori and Aizu,
43:06as well as to the people of Aizu and Hanshi.
43:11Also, I've been fighting with the training team led by Ootori Kensuke for a long time.
43:18Ootori is a relatively intelligent,
43:22theoretical person.
43:27Hanshi is a person who has gained a lot of experience in actual combat.
43:35I don't think he will join Aizu.
43:38It's hard for me to act with someone who doesn't agree with me
43:43whether I live or die.
43:48So I chose to follow my heart and to follow my heart.
43:53I chose to follow my heart and to follow my heart.
43:58What about you, Ms. Kiyuchi?
44:02I chose Option 2, remaining in Aizu and continuing to fight.
44:07I chose Option 2, remaining in Aizu and continuing to fight.
44:12I don't think Saito was able to do what he did in Aizu.
44:19There were many reasons why you chose Option 2.
44:24What about you, Mr. Isora?
44:26I also chose Option 2, remaining in Aizu and continuing to fight.
44:31At this stage, Katamori is still in the castle and continuing to fight.
44:37It's only natural that I fight alongside him.
44:43For example, even if I go to the north and go to Hijikata,
44:48I can't really open my eyes.
44:51Even if I go there, I don't feel like there's a place for him
44:55among the Dutch people.
45:00Let's take a look at the choices Saito Hajime made.
45:07After losing the battle at Nyorai-do,
45:10Saito Hajime disappeared and was nowhere to be found.
45:18However, his recent research revealed that he was in an unexpected place.
45:25This is the west of Aizu-han, called Asaba-chunosuke.
45:32Asaba-chunosuke, who had been fighting all the way to Aizu-rakujo,
45:37wrote this four days after the battle at Nyorai-do.
45:44This is a small place.
45:48Yamaguchi Jiro of the Shinsengumi
45:51wrote that he was at Sagawa Kanbei's side every night,
45:56guarding the Aizu-rakujo.
46:03Yamaguchi Jiro, also known as Saito Hajime,
46:06had secretly joined Sagawa Kanbei,
46:09the Aizu-rakujo who was feared by the Satcho.
46:18Saito chose to fight at Aizu-rakujo with Sagawa until the end.
46:27Saito said that he would stay in Aizu-rakujo
46:31because he was a member of the Aizu-rakujo
46:34who had been connected to Sagawa Kanbei from Kyoto.
46:37For Saito Hajime, Aizu-rakujo was an important place.
46:49Saito continued to fight until September 22,
46:52when the Aizu-rakujo surrendered.
46:55What kind of life did he lead after that?
47:03Mutsu City, the northernmost part of Aomori Prefecture, in Shimokita Peninsula.
47:11In the 2nd year of the Meiji era,
47:13the Aizu-rakujo was confiscated 280,000 books.
47:17In exchange, 30,000 books were given to the Aizu-rakujo.
47:25About 17,000 Aizu-rakujo members and their families
47:30were executed by the Aizu-rakujo.
47:35Among them was a man named Goro Fujita.
47:39This was the name Saito Hajime used after he became a Meiji.
47:46Aizu-rakujo
47:51Saito and his Aizu-rakujo companions crossed the Tonami River.
47:55Their daily life there was as tough as a meal.
48:05More than 2,000 people became ill in half a year,
48:08and many died.
48:11It is recorded that Saito also experienced a terrible hell.
48:21Saito, who lived a harsh life with the Aizu-rakujo,
48:25got married at the age of 31 in the 7th year of the Meiji era.
48:31His wife, Tokio, was the daughter of the Aizu-rakujo commander-in-chief,
48:35and she was the one who left a record of the Aizu-rakujo war.
48:44The two were married by Matsudaira Katamori,
48:47a former Aizu commander-in-chief,
48:50and Aizuno Juchin, a former Aizu commander-in-chief.
48:58After crossing the Tonami River,
49:01Saito disappeared from the history of the Aizu-rakujo.
49:10However, in the 10th year of the Meiji era,
49:13Saito appeared again on the battlefield in Kyushu, which was far away.
49:23It was the Southwestern War that Takamori fought against the Meiji New Government.
49:32This year, Saito, who became the police chief in Tokyo,
49:36joined the war as a member of the New Government.
49:42Many of Sagawa Kanbei and the former Aizu commanders
49:45also joined the battle against Satsuma
49:48and tried not to be humiliated in the Motherland War.
49:52Saito!
49:58This is what was written in the newspaper at the time of the war.
50:05Saito, also known as Fujita Gorou,
50:08continued to attack the enemy while chasing the Juso.
50:15As a result, Saito was given the title of Kunnanato after the war.
50:23At the age of 48, Saito was transferred from the police station
50:27to the head office of the Tokyo High School.
50:30Later, he worked as an office worker at the Girls' High School.
50:39He stood in front of the school gate
50:42and protected the safety of the school.
50:53This is the history book that Saito wrote.
51:00It is written next to the name Fujita Gorou.
51:09The Aizu Clan of Fukushima Prefecture
51:13The Aizu Clan of Fukushima Prefecture
51:20Saito, who wrote that he was a member of the Aizu Clan,
51:23died at the age of 72 in the 4th year of the Taisho Era.
51:30Saito died in the forest fire.
51:32He was transferred from his bed to the Tokonoma.
51:35He was said to have left this world while prostrating.
51:40Saito had one last wish.
51:48If I die, I want the Aizu Amidaji to be buried.
51:58Amidaji is a place where the Aizu Clan members
52:01who died in the Boshin War are buried.
52:04The soul of Saito Hajime is still sleeping in the land of Aizu
52:08with the victims of the war.
52:19Saito Hajime chose to live as a member of the Aizu Clan
52:23after the Boshin War.
52:25Mr. Kiyuchi, what kind of feelings did Saito have
52:28when he lived with the Aizu Clan?
52:31If he wanted to run away, he would have gone to another place.
52:36But if he wanted to use his sword,
52:39if he still had a purpose in his heart,
52:42he might have thought that now was not the time to move.
52:46People who live by their senses,
52:49such as sports players,
52:51know where to fight.
52:53So he decided to stay calm
52:55and act with the Aizu Clan.
52:58When the time came for him to use his sword again,
53:02the Boshin War would be over,
53:05but he might have found a way out.
53:08I think that's what he was thinking.
53:11He found a place in the Aizu Clan
53:14and was able to confirm his position.
53:17I think he was happy about that.
53:20At that time, the Aizu Clan was already
53:23a disbanded organization.
53:26It might have collapsed,
53:29but he had the mind to rebuild the organization
53:32together with the people in the organization.
53:35So his loyalty to the organization
53:38was reflected in his actions.
53:41In that sense,
53:43I think he was able to go through life.
53:47I think that Saito's actions
53:49are very modern
53:51when we talk about the Aizu Clan.
53:54You mentioned Max Weber earlier.
53:57He was a sociologist.
53:59When he analyzed capitalism,
54:02he said that he was thinking about
54:05his job as a citizen
54:07as a feature of a modern worker.
54:10But he also said that
54:12he kept adapting to the reality
54:15that was given to him.
54:18He said that was the feature of a modern economist.
54:22I think Saito was quite right.
54:25He was loyal to his job,
54:27so he kept adapting to it
54:29and showed only his ability.
54:31He thought only about that.
54:33In that sense,
54:35he was quite surprising.
54:38That's the kind of person he was.
54:41After the Woshin War,
54:43there will be a new era called Meiji.
54:46What did you think when you lived Meiji?
54:49My biggest feature,
54:51which is my sword,
54:53was that I lost my samurai spirit.
54:56The samurai spirit was more important
54:58than my job.
55:00When the society denied my way of life,
55:03I first thought about
55:05how I should live my life.
55:08I thought that people who have
55:11a lot in common with what they like
55:14should find a way to live their lives.
55:17That's how I joined the police force.
55:20I didn't think that other Aizu-hanshi
55:23would start a war with Satsuma and Nikushi.
55:26I thought I was fighting
55:28because I realized
55:30I could use my sword again.
55:33After that,
55:35Saito kept appearing
55:37in Kendo competitions.
55:40In that sense,
55:42I wanted to live in an environment
55:45where I could use my sword.
55:48When you think about it,
55:50the Shinsengumi's main job
55:52is to maintain the security of Kyoto.
55:55When you think about the role of the Shinsengumi
55:58in maintaining the security of the society,
56:01he became a Meiji,
56:03and through the police,
56:05he maintained the security of Japan.
56:08In that sense,
56:10I think he was able to maintain
56:13the security of the society.
56:16I wonder why he was able to do that.
56:19First of all,
56:21I think there is a reason why people like swords.
56:24The Shinsengumi likes them, too.
56:26I think it was not a sword to kill people,
56:29but a sword to maintain the order of society.
56:32In that sense,
56:34I think he had a sense of achievement.
56:38When he became a Meiji Shinsengumi,
56:41there were many ways to live.
56:43For example, he could study in the West,
56:46or he could be a steward of a steam locomotive.
56:49But he was the head of the Meimon-ko,
56:52and his job was to maintain the security.
56:55He was a martial artist,
56:57and he had a place to stay
57:00where he could protect something.
57:03In that sense,
57:05he was able to do what he wanted to do.
57:08He was able to do what he wanted to do.
57:12What you want to do
57:14doesn't always fit in with the times.
57:17It's not because the times have changed.
57:20You can't do this,
57:22or you can't do that,
57:24but you want to do it.
57:26For example, when baseball and soccer became popular,
57:29I think Shohei Ohtani would continue to play baseball,
57:32no matter what.
57:34He might have had his own unique way of thinking,
57:37and he might have felt the need
57:40to pursue that path.
57:44Mr. Misora, how do you see
57:46Saito Hajime's life today?
57:49There are a lot of things to think about.
57:52I feel like I've been doing security work for a long time,
57:58and I haven't been crushed.
58:01Saito Hajime is everywhere.
58:03He hasn't changed.
58:05Even after the times have changed,
58:07Saito Hajime is still there.
58:09He's like a rock.
58:12In any case,
58:13we're living in a time of great change
58:16with AI and computers,
58:18and there are jobs to lose and jobs to be born.
58:21When people ask me,
58:23what should I do?
58:25I feel like Saito Hajime has a hint.
58:28I feel like Saito Hajime has a hint.
58:31I feel like Saito Hajime has a hint.
58:34I feel like Saito Hajime has a hint.
58:37I feel like Saito Hajime has a hint.
58:43Thank you all very much for today.
58:47Everyone, thank you very much for today.
59:18The first episode is about the birth of Takashi Yanase and Anbanman.
59:21This is a bad-looking hero.
59:23What kind of feelings did he have for this unknown hero?
59:29The Curling Men's World Championship.
59:32Japan's representative, SC Karuizawa Club, will challenge the world's best.
59:37The NHK BS will broadcast Japan's matches every day.
59:41Premium 4K
59:47If you press 4K, it's a good time.
59:50BS Premium 4K is a good time from the evening.