英雄たちの選択 2025年3月3日
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00:00:00The Great Sennryo Kofun, the largest Kofun in Japan, is located in Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture.
00:00:10It is 486 meters long.
00:00:14Its size is bigger than the pyramids in Egypt and the Shikotei in China.
00:00:22Yamato Oken built the Kofun.
00:00:27In the second half of the 3rd century, the Kofun was founded in the Kinki region.
00:00:31The Kofun is an alliance of nobles.
00:00:39There are 4,700 Kofun in Japan.
00:00:44Many of them have been found in the Kinki region.
00:00:50But now, the Kofun has been found in a region far away from the Kinki region.
00:01:06The Kofun is located in a remote area.
00:01:12It looks like the Kofun is in front of us.
00:01:20It seems that Yamato Oken was not the only one who was active in ancient Japan.
00:01:31The Ota Tenjin Yama Kofun is located in Ota City, Gunma Prefecture.
00:01:36It is the largest Kofun in East Japan and the largest in the country.
00:01:44There are many large Kofun in Gunma.
00:01:54In ancient times, the Kofun was ruled by the Kamitsuke family.
00:02:05The source of their power is their horses.
00:02:15Horses are gold-like strategic objects that have dramatically advanced military, logistics, and agriculture.
00:02:29The Kamitsuke family succeeded in mass-producing horses and gained tremendous power.
00:02:38In the studio, the guests from each country gather to talk about the history of ancient Japan.
00:02:48The Kofun is the largest Kofun in East Japan.
00:02:51Yamato Oken was a place where a special genealogy was recognized.
00:02:56The Kofun was a place where a special genealogy was recognized.
00:03:02If it hadn't been for the Kofun, I don't think the horses would have spread all over Japan so quickly.
00:03:08Yamato Oken is a place where large companies and local businesses are involved.
00:03:18Yamato Oken, who was wary of the powerful local nobility, started a fire in the central region.
00:03:26The local nobility rebelled against the Kofun.
00:03:35What was going on in the local area as the nation of Japan was being formed?
00:03:45In the Kofun era, the local nobility fought with Yamato Oken for the first time.
00:04:15Yamato Oken, who was wary of the powerful local nobility, started a fire in the central region.
00:04:24Yamato Oken, who was wary of the powerful local nobility, started a fire in the central region.
00:04:33Good evening, everyone.
00:04:36At the turning point in history, the choice was made by the heroes.
00:04:39What did they think and worry about at that time?
00:04:44And what would you do?
00:04:47From this time on, we will look at the ancient history of this country, which was built on the foundation of the Kofun era.
00:04:55The first time will focus on the 3rd to 6th centuries.
00:04:59In this era, the Kofun was widely used in all parts of Japan.
00:05:06And here is the main character of this story.
00:05:09Kamitsuke No Uji.
00:05:11It is a nobility that ruled Gunma Prefecture in this era.
00:05:15Mr. Isora, what is the point of this story?
00:05:17This time, we will change the perspective.
00:05:20In ancient times, we always looked at people from the central region.
00:05:26But this time, we will look at Yamato Oken from the perspective of the local nobility.
00:05:33I wanted to do this.
00:05:35It was in the second half of the 5th century that a great king with outstanding power appeared in Yamato Oken.
00:05:41Until then, there were kings like the emperor all over the country.
00:05:45So Yamato Oken was proud of his strong leadership.
00:05:53I think that the original form of Japan was made in the Kofun era.
00:05:57So I think that it is a must-see to see Japan from the local nobility.
00:06:05Let's take a look at the local nobility at that time.
00:06:11The special exhibition of Haniwa held at the National Museum of Japan last year.
00:06:21A fun figure like a dancing tiger.
00:06:28A deer looking back.
00:06:31It represents a moment of being hunted.
00:06:35Haniwa tells the story of the ancient people.
00:06:44This is the first military man in Haniwa who was designated as a national treasure.
00:06:55He wears an iron armor all over his body.
00:06:59He has a bow in his left hand and a sword in his right hand.
00:07:04He is an ancient powerful man.
00:07:12Five military men gather in the hall.
00:07:2240% of Haniwa, designated as a national treasure and an important cultural property, is found in a certain area.
00:07:34It is Gunma Prefecture.
00:07:40There are about 400 zenpo kouen fun in Gunma.
00:07:47Many of the Haniwa were lined up around the Kofun to show the authority of the descendants.
00:07:55Nanakoshiyama Kofun
00:08:03Nanakoshiyama Kofun is located in Fujioka City.
00:08:08A man who was the most powerful man in Eastern Japan is sleeping here.
00:08:13The length of the Kofun is 150 meters.
00:08:17It is the second-largest zenpo kouen fun in Japan built in the first half of the 6th century.
00:08:26The fact that such a large Kofun could be built is a proof of the time's achievements.
00:08:33It is believed that the man who built the Kofun was a fugitive.
00:08:43The fugitive was a no-kunma of Kamitsuke, a noble family who ruled Gunma.
00:08:56The power of the no-kunma can be seen from the cylindrical Haniwa.
00:09:04This is a large Higashi-Nihon Kusshi that is 1 meter high.
00:09:12There are 7 lines like an obi.
00:09:15This can only be seen in Okimi-class Kofun.
00:09:22How did the no-kunma gain power?
00:09:27In fact, 90% of the animal-type Haniwa found in Gunma is a horse.
00:09:37From the Kofun of the Kamitsuke family, a large number of horse Haniwa are found.
00:09:48A large number of horse footprints are also found from the ruins of Gunma.
00:09:57Since the middle of the 5th century, it is believed that a large number of horses were produced in this area.
00:10:10This is a bone of a horse from the Kofun period excavated in Osaka, far away from Gunma.
00:10:17The researchers explored the area where the horse's teeth were found.
00:10:26What they found was Higashi-Nihon.
00:10:31The no-kunma of the Kofun family has a large number of horses.
00:10:37This is a large Higashi-Nihon Kusshi that is 1 meter high.
00:10:46It is believed that the horse was given a high position by being sent to the Kofun family.
00:10:55Toru Wakasa, a researcher of the ancient history of Gunma, said that the horse was a symbol of revolutionary progress at that time.
00:11:04It is said that the horse was used to show respect,
00:11:09but it was also used to transport, farm, and use it for military purposes.
00:11:14It is believed that the horse was used to show respect,
00:11:18but it was also used to transport, farm, and use it for military purposes.
00:11:27There were also a number of local tribes who were proud of their technology.
00:11:33North Kyushu.
00:11:36In Fukuoka Prefecture, about 270 zenpo-koen-fun were found.
00:11:44The West Go tribe.
00:11:47The source of their power was iron.
00:11:55In the Kofun period, the demand for iron was rapidly increasing.
00:12:04The strength and durability of iron-made armor and weapons were different from that of steel.
00:12:16They dug a waterway, cultivated rice, and made rice.
00:12:21It was an indispensable resource for the development of the farming society.
00:12:26Iron was also a kind of superstition,
00:12:30and it was also a kind of superstition to have a lot of iron in the Kofun clothing.
00:12:40The Go tribe of North Kyushu was the one who exerted their power to supply such iron products.
00:12:46At that time, Japan, which was called a Japanese country,
00:12:50did not have the technology to extract iron from iron ore or satetsu,
00:12:54but relied on imports from the Korean Peninsula.
00:13:00The Go tribe of North Kyushu was the gateway.
00:13:17They also introduced the latest processing technology from the mainland.
00:13:26The Hakata Ruins in the center of Fukuoka City.
00:13:35A mass of soil showing their technology was found.
00:13:39Mr. Yasuyuki Murakami studies the history of mankind and iron.
00:13:47This is a blowpipe used at the beginning of the Kofun period.
00:13:57A blowpipe is a tool to send air into the furnace to melt iron.
00:14:02A blowpipe is a part of the tip that protects the blowpipe from heat so that it does not burn with fire.
00:14:10The blowpipe was found with a lump of melted iron impurities attached to it.
00:14:19Before this, there was no such thing,
00:14:22and there was a fire at a high temperature.
00:14:26With the cooperation of Mr. Murakami,
00:14:29he reproduced the latest fire.
00:14:33He compared it to the fires in other areas since the Yayoi period.
00:14:37The blowpipe from the mainland to North Kyushu is large,
00:14:41and it is denser than those from other areas.
00:14:49The blowpipe was made of iron,
00:14:52and it was made of a large amount of iron.
00:14:56It was made of a large amount of iron.
00:15:00The blowpipe was made of a large amount of iron.
00:15:03The blowpipe was made of a large amount of iron.
00:15:06The blowpipe was made of a large amount of iron.
00:15:09The furnace had a dent in it.
00:15:12There were many flat furnaces in other areas.
00:15:18He inserted an iron plate to check the melting condition.
00:15:25It took 15 minutes to send the wind and burn the charcoal.
00:15:34The furnace in North Kyushu
00:15:37was the first to be able to process iron
00:15:40even at a distance of 15 cm from the blowpipe.
00:15:43It was unprecedented.
00:15:50The wind was blowing from the other side,
00:15:53so it was possible to say
00:15:56that the furnace had a large area of heat.
00:15:59By maintaining a high temperature,
00:16:02the iron was melting only in the furnace in North Kyushu.
00:16:10With this technology,
00:16:13he was able to recycle old iron
00:16:16and create new products.
00:16:19No. 1 In the 1st half of the 20th century
00:16:22No. 2 In the 2nd half of the 20th century
00:16:25No. 3 In the 3rd half of the 20th century
00:16:28The processing and production of iron was high.
00:16:31North Kyushu was a region
00:16:34that used iron,
00:16:37but it also had a role
00:16:40in supplying other regions
00:16:43with iron materials.
00:16:45I think he had a role to play.
00:16:50Yamato Oken is a symbol of the alliance between Japan and Fukuoka.
00:16:56In Fukuoka, there are 56 of them.
00:16:59The number of them is outstanding in the region.
00:17:05The East Horse and the West Iron.
00:17:09The local clans have built a close relationship with Oken
00:17:13thanks to their unique skills.
00:17:20We have many guests this time as well.
00:17:24Thank you for coming.
00:17:26Wakasa, Yamato Oken didn't have a one-sided relationship with the region, right?
00:17:33That's right. It was a loose alliance.
00:17:36Yamato Oken is probably the top.
00:17:40I think it was a political, economic, and religious alliance.
00:17:45I think the economic aspect was especially important.
00:17:49The members' card of the alliance was the front park.
00:17:54The people who had the same idea built the front park from Iwata to Kyushu.
00:18:00That was the symbol.
00:18:03When the local clans became the king,
00:18:07they went to Yamato Oken to confirm the alliance with the king.
00:18:11They got a blueprint of the front park and made it smaller.
00:18:15I think there was a relationship like that.
00:18:18Kawajiri-san, why did Yamato Oken accept such a close relationship?
00:18:25Of course, Yamato Oken wanted to become stronger.
00:18:29But Yamato Oken couldn't do it right away.
00:18:35In China, the king has a very strong governance system.
00:18:42But in Japan, the power of the king was still weak at the beginning.
00:18:47Yamato Oken was a situation where the king and the people were united.
00:18:54In this situation, Yamato Oken couldn't completely control the region.
00:18:59I think that's the way to think about it.
00:19:02In the video, there were a lot of designs of Hanyuwa.
00:19:06Mr. Kitagawa, what did you think of Hanyuwa from the designer's point of view?
00:19:10Actually, I have a small Hanyuwa at home.
00:19:14It's an unmanned Hanyuwa.
00:19:17When I was a kid, I was really scared of it.
00:19:20It's cute in the daytime,
00:19:23but when I go to the bathroom at night,
00:19:25it looks scary depending on the angle of the Hanyuwa.
00:19:33It's spiritual, isn't it?
00:19:36It's a laughing Hanyuwa, but it's not actually laughing.
00:19:40What do you mean?
00:19:42It's a kind of magic.
00:19:44It's a kind of trick to prevent magic.
00:19:47It's not cute because it's laughing,
00:19:50but it's a kind of magic.
00:19:52Maybe you're afraid of it because you feel it.
00:19:57This is my Hanyuwa as a high school student.
00:20:00I love Hanyuwa so much.
00:20:03My face is not Hanyuwa,
00:20:06but I made this Hanyuwa myself recently.
00:20:09It's so much fun.
00:20:11I learned how to use this Hanyuwa.
00:20:13I learned how to use this Hanyuwa.
00:20:16I made this Hanyuwa myself.
00:20:19Did you make it by hand?
00:20:20Yes, I made it by hand.
00:20:22It's so much fun.
00:20:24Mr. Wakasa, what do you think?
00:20:26You did a good job.
00:20:30Next time, please come to Gensundai.
00:20:32Mr. Kitagawa, what do you think as a designer?
00:20:36I'm sorry.
00:20:38I'm so embarrassed.
00:20:40He said it's funny.
00:20:42He said he made it at home.
00:20:45I'm sorry.
00:20:47To tell you the truth,
00:20:48I'm afraid I'll be ridiculed.
00:20:50No, you won't.
00:20:52Please tell me.
00:20:54I think it's better to be ridiculed.
00:20:57For example, my face and eyes.
00:20:59I think it's better to be ridiculed.
00:21:01To make it Hanyuwa.
00:21:03I think it's great.
00:21:05I'm sorry.
00:21:07I'm so embarrassed.
00:21:09Anyway,
00:21:11a horse and an iron are important.
00:21:13A person who holds a horse and an iron
00:21:15is the one who holds power.
00:21:17In the first place,
00:21:19why did Gunma become a major horse breeding ground?
00:21:22The reason was the international relationship at that time.
00:21:28In the 4th century,
00:21:30there was an incident that led to the invasion of Yamato.
00:21:36The most important material for the Japanese nation,
00:21:39the supply of iron,
00:21:41was in dire straits.
00:21:47Around this time,
00:21:49in the Korean Peninsula,
00:21:51the North Korea,
00:21:53which was expanding its power,
00:21:55was oppressing Kudara,
00:21:57Shiragi,
00:21:59and Kaya,
00:22:01which were iron mines.
00:22:09In this crisis,
00:22:11the great power of Yamato came to power.
00:22:17We must protect the iron mines!
00:22:23According to the records of the Koukuri side,
00:22:26in the 4th century,
00:22:28the Japanese army crossed the sea to save Kudara.
00:22:32They defeated the Koukuri army
00:22:35on the northern half of the peninsula.
00:22:39There, the Japanese soldiers
00:22:42encountered weapons they had never seen before.
00:22:46Fire!
00:22:48Fire!
00:22:50Fire!
00:22:52It was the Kiba army.
00:23:00According to the Japanese temple,
00:23:02the Japanese have no horses.
00:23:10For the Japanese soldiers,
00:23:12it was an unknown military weapon.
00:23:17Fire!
00:23:20How powerful were the horses?
00:23:24We tested the horses
00:23:27using the Japanese Zairaiba,
00:23:29which was similar to the horses of that time.
00:23:32Nice to meet you.
00:23:38First, the mobility.
00:23:39Mobility.
00:23:45The highest speed was 39 km per hour.
00:23:50It was also good for stamina for long distances.
00:23:57It was also recorded that
00:24:00they could travel more than 200 km in two days.
00:24:05Next, the attack power.
00:24:08In the Kofun of Koukuri,
00:24:10there is a picture of Masahi,
00:24:12who fires arrows with his horse.
00:24:25His power
00:24:27changed the battlefield.
00:24:29I think that
00:24:31the difference in military power
00:24:33depends on whether the country
00:24:35has a tank or not,
00:24:37or whether it has an airplane or not.
00:24:39The difference in military power
00:24:41is so big
00:24:43that it is almost
00:24:45a direct consequence of the difference in military power.
00:24:48In front of the powerful Kiba army of Koukuri,
00:24:50the Japanese soldiers
00:24:52were beaten to a pulp.
00:24:55The Japanese soldiers
00:24:56were frightened of the iron supply
00:24:58and fell into a trance.
00:25:02However,
00:25:04there was a chance
00:25:06to break through the situation.
00:25:10Two horses,
00:25:12a male and a female,
00:25:14were sent to Japan
00:25:16from Kudara,
00:25:18an ally country.
00:25:21As a revolutionary event,
00:25:23the Japanese government
00:25:24recognized them.
00:25:32At first,
00:25:34the breeding of the horses
00:25:36was done in Osaka,
00:25:38Kawachi,
00:25:40which is now close to Oken.
00:25:42However,
00:25:44the land was not suitable for breeding
00:25:46because it was in the way.
00:25:48I would like you to leave
00:25:50that role to me.
00:25:53The family of Kamitsuke no Uji
00:25:55gave the name.
00:25:59The ancestor of Kamitsuke no Uji,
00:26:01Aratawa family,
00:26:03went to the Korean Peninsula
00:26:05as a general
00:26:07and participated in the battle.
00:26:09The legend remains.
00:26:18It is believed that
00:26:20he witnessed the power of horses there.
00:26:30However,
00:26:32horses were unknown creatures.
00:26:34The weather was bad,
00:26:36and they did not know
00:26:38how to raise them.
00:26:41So, the family of Kamitsuke no Uji
00:26:43relied on the power of some people.
00:26:48In Gunma,
00:26:50the graves of those people are found.
00:26:53They have a square shape
00:26:55unlike the ones in the front park.
00:27:04From there,
00:27:06they also found
00:27:08gold-colored shoes
00:27:10different from those of the Japanese.
00:27:18Who was involved in the breeding of horses?
00:27:25In 2012,
00:27:27a decisive evidence was found.
00:27:32At the end of the 5th century,
00:27:34the bones of a person
00:27:36wearing armor
00:27:38were found.
00:27:44When the skull was examined,
00:27:45it was found that
00:27:47he had a long nose.
00:27:51It was found that
00:27:53he was a man
00:27:55with the appearance of a tiger.
00:28:01Mr. Hidehiro Sugiyama
00:28:03paid attention
00:28:05to the bones of his feet.
00:28:10It was like a trace
00:28:12of the muscles attached to the bones.
00:28:13When we studied
00:28:15the movement of the muscles,
00:28:17we found that
00:28:19the muscles of the thighs
00:28:21were used a lot.
00:28:24In the Edo period,
00:28:26when we analyzed
00:28:28the bones of samurai,
00:28:30we found that
00:28:32they were similar to those
00:28:34of the samurai
00:28:36who were trained on the battlefield.
00:28:38It means that
00:28:40training the muscles of the thighs
00:28:41was possible
00:28:43on the battlefield
00:28:45as well.
00:28:50Kamitsuke no Uji
00:28:52entrusted the production of horses
00:28:54to the people of Torai
00:28:56who had the most advanced technology.
00:29:03The hood of Gunma
00:29:05was on Kamitsuke no Uji's side.
00:29:07Around it,
00:29:09there were Asama,
00:29:11Haruna,
00:29:13Akagi,
00:29:15and three volcanoes.
00:29:19The volcanic field
00:29:21was full of weeds
00:29:23and was suitable for growing horses.
00:29:28Also,
00:29:30the river like Tone River
00:29:32could be used as a fence
00:29:34to prevent horses from escaping.
00:29:37Gunma
00:29:39developed into
00:29:41a great mountainous region for horses.
00:29:48About half a century
00:29:50after being defeated by Koukuri,
00:29:52the horses raised by Kamitsuke no Uji
00:29:54crossed the sea by boat
00:29:56and set out for the Korean Peninsula.
00:30:01Everyone!
00:30:03Let's go!
00:30:06Let's go!
00:30:09The Yamato army,
00:30:11which had been defeated in the past,
00:30:13challenged Koukuri
00:30:15with the horses
00:30:17they had raised.
00:30:25In 464,
00:30:27in the early days of Japan,
00:30:29it was written that
00:30:31they were defeated
00:30:33by a narrow victory.
00:30:37The Yamato army
00:30:39succeeded in taking revenge
00:30:41on Koukuri.
00:30:51The Kofun Festival
00:30:53in Kamitsuke no Sato
00:30:55was held every October
00:30:57in Takasaki City.
00:31:03The Kofun Festival
00:31:04is known as
00:31:06the Kofun Festival of Kamitsuke no Uji.
00:31:13The Kamitsuke no Uji family
00:31:15developed the region
00:31:17through horses.
00:31:23In the 5th century
00:31:25when East Asia was active,
00:31:27the Yamato army
00:31:29was supported by the region.
00:31:34Mr. Isara,
00:31:36Japan has been part of
00:31:38the international relations
00:31:40since this era, right?
00:31:42That's right.
00:31:44In the first place,
00:31:46they had to bring the iron
00:31:48from the peninsula
00:31:50to the other side.
00:31:52If they stopped the iron,
00:31:54it would be a matter of life and death.
00:31:56Even the king would have to intervene.
00:31:58Moreover, the Korean Peninsula
00:32:00does not have a large
00:32:02unified country.
00:32:04In this era,
00:32:06most wars become large-scale,
00:32:08cutting-edge,
00:32:10and brutal.
00:32:12The king of Gunma
00:32:14would say,
00:32:16let's go together!
00:32:18He would form a team.
00:32:20Mr. Kawajiri,
00:32:22how did the Yamato army
00:32:24get the precious horses
00:32:26from Kudara?
00:32:28At that time,
00:32:30Kudara was in a critical situation.
00:32:31They wanted reinforcements
00:32:33from Kudara.
00:32:35They wanted reinforcements
00:32:37from the Japanese.
00:32:39It was impossible to send them
00:32:41for free,
00:32:43so they needed someone
00:32:45to look after them.
00:32:47Of course,
00:32:49there were important technicians
00:32:51and craftsmen.
00:32:53They would send them
00:32:55to look after the horses.
00:32:57Among them,
00:32:59there were people
00:33:01who brought the horses
00:33:03to Japan.
00:33:05Mr. Wakasa,
00:33:07how did the people
00:33:09of the Torai family
00:33:11come to Gunma?
00:33:13I think there were
00:33:15some technicians
00:33:17who were promoted
00:33:19by the Yamato army.
00:33:21At the same time,
00:33:23Mr. Kamitsuke
00:33:25was doing
00:33:27foreign activities
00:33:29in the peninsula.
00:33:31There were a lot of
00:33:33Torais,
00:33:35and there was a leader
00:33:37of the Torais.
00:33:39He would make hives
00:33:41and line them up.
00:33:43How did the people
00:33:45of the Torai family
00:33:47breed the horses,
00:33:49Mr. Kawajiri?
00:33:51The horses
00:33:53can be bought
00:33:55by ordinary people,
00:33:57but breeding them
00:33:59requires a lot of technology.
00:34:01You might think
00:34:03that there were
00:34:05one male and one female,
00:34:07but in ancient times,
00:34:09they bred a lot of females.
00:34:11They would put
00:34:13one or two males
00:34:15in each hive.
00:34:17It was like a harem.
00:34:19The reason is
00:34:21that the males
00:34:23with the best genes
00:34:25would become
00:34:27fathers and
00:34:28children.
00:34:30That's why
00:34:32excellent horses
00:34:34and fast horses
00:34:36were born.
00:34:38They didn't have
00:34:40the knowledge
00:34:42of technology,
00:34:44so they had to rely
00:34:46on the Torais.
00:34:48Otherwise,
00:34:50the horses
00:34:52wouldn't have spread
00:34:54so quickly
00:34:56all over Japan.
00:34:58That's why
00:35:00they bred them.
00:35:02Mr. Kitagawa,
00:35:04what did you think
00:35:06from a management perspective?
00:35:08I think it's very reasonable.
00:35:10If you try to do everything
00:35:12by yourself,
00:35:14you're not good enough
00:35:16as a person
00:35:18with no ability.
00:35:20That's not true.
00:35:22You're not famous.
00:35:24No, no.
00:35:26I always ask
00:35:28if I can make a difference.
00:35:30That's amazing.
00:35:32It's better
00:35:34to be different
00:35:36than to have the same ability.
00:35:38It's like a team.
00:35:40Like baseball.
00:35:42If you have a good thrower,
00:35:44a good defender,
00:35:46and a good hitter,
00:35:48you'll be strong.
00:35:50But if you're all pitchers,
00:35:52it's a 0 if you can't hit.
00:35:54You're a division player.
00:35:56That's right.
00:35:58I think it's easy
00:36:00to find a place
00:36:02where new experiments
00:36:04and other things
00:36:06can settle down.
00:36:08In Yamato Bonchi,
00:36:10it might be hard
00:36:12to find other things
00:36:14in the Kitoku Prefecture.
00:36:16But there's not much
00:36:18space to develop
00:36:20because it's so big.
00:36:22I think
00:36:24the atmosphere
00:36:26might have been
00:36:28a little different.
00:36:30Kamitsuke No Uji
00:36:32has supported Yamato Bonchi
00:36:34with technology
00:36:36and has developed
00:36:38its own region.
00:36:40In the 6th century,
00:36:42the relationship
00:36:44between Bonchi
00:36:46and Yamato Bonchi
00:36:48began to fade.
00:36:50The family of Kamitsuke No Uji
00:36:52ruled Gunma.
00:36:54In the 6th century,
00:36:55he was recognized
00:36:57as the most powerful
00:36:59royal family in East Japan.
00:37:02But around this time,
00:37:04the relationship
00:37:06between Yamato Bonchi
00:37:08and the local royal family
00:37:10began to fade.
00:37:12The 26th Emperor Keitai
00:37:14ascended to the throne
00:37:16in 507.
00:37:21He became emperor
00:37:23when he was 57 years old.
00:37:25He was born in Hokuriku,
00:37:27far away from Yamato.
00:37:33He had little blood ties
00:37:35with Emperor Sendai
00:37:37and his power base was weak.
00:37:43Emperor Keitai
00:37:45had a hard time.
00:37:47Shiragi of the Korean Peninsula
00:37:49moved to Kaya,
00:37:51an iron supplier
00:37:53to Japan.
00:37:55He was afraid of the iron
00:37:57and became nervous.
00:38:03Emperor Keitai
00:38:05wanted to save the Kaya people
00:38:07so he asked the local royals
00:38:09to provide soldiers, ships,
00:38:11and food.
00:38:17The local royals
00:38:19opposed the request.
00:38:26When the dissatisfaction reached its peak,
00:38:29an incident occurred.
00:38:34The Northern Kyushu royal family,
00:38:36which was strengthened by iron,
00:38:38revolted by Tsukushi's son,
00:38:40Iwai.
00:38:46In the early days of Japan,
00:38:48when the royal army
00:38:50tried to invade the Korean Peninsula,
00:38:52it was reported that Iwai
00:38:53was a traitor.
00:38:59In fact, Iwai
00:39:01attacked Shiragi,
00:39:03an enemy of the royal family,
00:39:05and succeeded Yoshimi.
00:39:09We have great power
00:39:11in Kyushu.
00:39:13This is not only
00:39:15thanks to Yamato,
00:39:17but also
00:39:19thanks to Shiragi,
00:39:21the Korean Peninsula.
00:39:23So we thought
00:39:25we could resist Yamato.
00:39:27We were dissatisfied
00:39:29with the fact
00:39:31that we were suppressed
00:39:33so much.
00:39:36The royal family sent
00:39:38the general,
00:39:40Mononobe,
00:39:42led by Arakahi,
00:39:44to Kyushu.
00:39:47After a year and a half
00:39:49of fighting,
00:39:51Iwai was defeated.
00:39:54The Emperor Keitai
00:39:56was saved from danger
00:39:58at Karoji.
00:40:04Because of Iwai's rebellion,
00:40:06the royal family
00:40:08established various systems
00:40:10to strengthen their control
00:40:12over the region.
00:40:14One of them
00:40:16is the Miyake system.
00:40:20The Miyake system
00:40:21is a direct line
00:40:23where the royal family
00:40:25is located in the region.
00:40:27In some cases,
00:40:29officials are sent from the center.
00:40:34For the local nobles,
00:40:36it meant that
00:40:38their authority
00:40:40was taken away.
00:40:45After the rebellion,
00:40:47the Miyake system
00:40:49was established
00:40:51by the Emperor Keitai.
00:40:56Under Emperor Keitai,
00:40:58the royal family
00:41:00started a large-scale fire
00:41:02in the central region.
00:41:10After six years
00:41:12of Iwai's rebellion,
00:41:14there was a crisis
00:41:16in Okuma, Kamitsukeno.
00:41:21It was a conflict
00:41:23between the nobles
00:41:25for the position
00:41:27of Miyatsuko.
00:41:33Miyatsuko was
00:41:35a local government
00:41:37appointed by the Emperor.
00:41:39In exchange for the position,
00:41:41it was used for agriculture
00:41:43and military services.
00:41:45The most powerful nobles
00:41:47of the Musashi country,
00:41:49Omi and Ogi,
00:41:51fought for this position.
00:41:59The Oken side
00:42:01was trying to appoint
00:42:03Omi of Kasahara
00:42:05as the Miyatsuko of the country.
00:42:09Ogi, who was enthusiastic,
00:42:11went to the east.
00:42:12Ogi, who was enthusiastic,
00:42:14went to Okuma,
00:42:16a nobleman in east Japan.
00:42:21He asked Okuma
00:42:23to work for the Oken
00:42:25to make him the Miyatsuko of the country.
00:42:34How did Okuma
00:42:36respond to Ogi's request?
00:42:39Let's look into his heart.
00:42:42Chapter 1
00:42:47The Oken
00:42:49was trying to appoint
00:42:51Omi of Kasahara
00:42:53as the Miyatsuko of the country.
00:42:55If Ogi was appointed as the Miyatsuko of the country,
00:42:57he would go against the will of the Oken.
00:43:01The Oken
00:43:03supported Oki
00:43:05and our lives were enriched.
00:43:07The people of Kamitsukeno
00:43:09could live happily.
00:43:13However,
00:43:15things turned out like that.
00:43:17If Ogi said anything more,
00:43:19the Oken would be angry.
00:43:21the Oken would be angry.
00:43:24The Oken
00:43:26should live without doing anything
00:43:28and follow the will of the Oken.
00:43:37No,
00:43:39that won't happen.
00:43:40The Yamato Oken
00:43:42is appointed as the Miyatsuko of the country.
00:43:44It seems that it wants to take control
00:43:46of the Kanto region.
00:43:48But there is no reason
00:43:50to ignore it.
00:43:57We are the ones
00:43:59who have developed
00:44:01this region so far.
00:44:05We are the Oken
00:44:07of the local nobility
00:44:08and the Oken
00:44:10of the local nobility.
00:44:12If we don't send the horse,
00:44:14the Oken can't do anything.
00:44:19Even if we have to fight against the Oken,
00:44:21even if we have to fight against the Oken,
00:44:23I will be in charge here.
00:44:25I will be in charge here.
00:44:27I have to decide
00:44:29what to do with the region
00:44:31by myself.
00:44:33Yamato Oken
00:44:37Should we follow the will of the Oken
00:44:40or oppose it?
00:44:42Okuma was forced to make a choice.
00:44:51I think that the Yamato Oken
00:44:53and the local nobility
00:44:55have always been equal.
00:44:57Mr. Kawajiri,
00:44:59why do you think
00:45:00that the Yamato Oken
00:45:02and the local nobility
00:45:04have always been equal?
00:45:06There is a problem
00:45:08with the Korean Peninsula.
00:45:10The Yamato Oken
00:45:12has become
00:45:14one.
00:45:16I think that
00:45:18the Oken has become
00:45:20weak.
00:45:22The Oken has become
00:45:24weak.
00:45:26The Oken has become
00:45:28weak.
00:45:30I think that
00:45:32the Oken has become
00:45:34weak.
00:45:36Let's take a look at the choices.
00:45:38Here is the choice
00:45:40that Okuma made.
00:45:42Choice 1.
00:45:44Obey the will of the Oken.
00:45:46In other words,
00:45:48accept the country's Miyatsuko
00:45:50that the Yamato Oken pushes
00:45:52and accept further strengthening
00:45:54of local governance by the Yamato Oken.
00:45:56Choice 2.
00:45:58Obey the will of the Oken.
00:46:00In other words,
00:46:02by taking the role of the emperor,
00:46:04the local people will be able to solve the local problems
00:46:06and the Yamato Oken will be able to solve them.
00:46:08and the Yamato Oken will be able to solve them.
00:46:10If you were Okuma,
00:46:12which would you choose?
00:46:14Mr. Wakasa,
00:46:16please.
00:46:18I choose
00:46:20Choice 1.
00:46:22Obey the will of the Oken.
00:46:24During the Kofun period,
00:46:26the Yamato Oken was built
00:46:28200 meters away from the Yamato Oken.
00:46:30The Yamato Oken was built
00:46:32with only the Kibi and the Kamitsuke.
00:46:34In the second half of the 5th century,
00:46:36the Kibi was defeated by Emperor Yuuryaku.
00:46:38In the 6th century,
00:46:40the Iwai was also defeated.
00:46:42The Kamitsuke was the only thing left.
00:46:44The Yamato Oken was built
00:46:46with only the Kibi and the Kamitsuke.
00:46:48The Yamato Oken was built
00:46:50with only the Kibi and the Kamitsuke.
00:46:52Mr. Kawajiri,
00:46:54which would you choose?
00:46:56I choose Choice 1.
00:46:57As Mr. Wakasa said,
00:46:59there is a high risk of
00:47:02opposing the Oken at that time.
00:47:04I think there are many questions
00:47:06about whether the Oken will
00:47:09survive the rebellion.
00:47:12So I think it is best to
00:47:14obey the Oken
00:47:16and promote the development
00:47:18of the Kamitsuke.
00:47:20I think it is best to
00:47:22obey the Oken and promote the development
00:47:24of the Kamitsuke.
00:47:25Mr. Kitagawa,
00:47:27which would you choose?
00:47:29I would choose
00:47:31to oppose.
00:47:33You would oppose?
00:47:35You would oppose?
00:47:37I would only push the rules.
00:47:39I would say,
00:47:41I can't do that.
00:47:43I would say,
00:47:45I can't do that.
00:47:47I would say,
00:47:49I can't do that.
00:47:51I would say,
00:47:52Listen to us, too.
00:47:54I would say,
00:47:56listen to us, too.
00:47:58I would say,
00:48:00listen to us, too.
00:48:02I would say,
00:48:04listen to us, too.
00:48:06I would say,
00:48:08listen to us,
00:48:10which is what I wanted to say.
00:48:12Which would you choose?
00:48:14Mr. Isora,
00:48:16Which would you choose?
00:48:18Unfortunately,
00:48:20I would say Choice 1.
00:48:22I know him well. He's really strong.
00:48:26Let's follow him.
00:48:29So, Mr. Kitagawa is the only one who was chosen for the election.
00:48:35That's right.
00:48:36He's an idiot.
00:48:37No, it's not like that.
00:48:39It's a program where you make choices.
00:48:41Even though he's a lawyer,
00:48:44Emperor Keitai is like a king in a pot.
00:48:50I don't think he knows anything.
00:48:54I think he's a bit of a scrooge.
00:48:58He's got a horse.
00:49:00He's got a horse.
00:49:03So, which one did Okuma choose?
00:49:11Okuma has decided.
00:49:15From the position of the head of the country,
00:49:19he defies the decision of Okuma and tries to take the throne.
00:49:25There were two choices.
00:49:30But the situation turned out to be unexpected.
00:49:34According to the Japanese book,
00:49:36Ogi didn't wait for Okuma to take the throne,
00:49:39but instead tried to kill Kasahara no Omi.
00:49:46Kasahara no Omi asked Ogi for help.
00:49:57Because of this, a war broke out between Oki and Omi.
00:50:02Okuma, who tried to take the throne, was also involved.
00:50:06At the end of the war, Ogi was executed by Okuma.
00:50:15Kasahara no Omi, who was the head of the country,
00:50:18as a proof of his loyalty,
00:50:20gave four areas of Musashi to Okuma.
00:50:29On the other hand, Okuma, who defied Okuma,
00:50:34was forced to build two areas of Miyake.
00:50:43The Uji clan of Kamitsuke lost their power to Yamato Ogen.
00:50:57At the end of the 6th century,
00:50:59Yamato Ogen lost his power to Yamato.
00:51:08Yamato Ogen, who succeeded in ruling the region,
00:51:11no longer needed to show his authority with huge buildings.
00:51:19The next goal of Ogen, who ruled the Kanto region, was Tohoku.
00:51:30People who did not follow Ogen
00:51:33were later called Emishi and were exiled.
00:51:40The first soldiers were the Uji clan of Kamitsuke.
00:51:49In the early 7th century,
00:51:52there is a record of Kamitsuke's sword breaking through Emishi.
00:51:59The Uji clan of Kamitsuke surrendered to Ogen and became a pawn.
00:52:10However, after a few hundred years,
00:52:14the horses they raised became the driving force for Tohoku to rise again.
00:52:21In 939, Masakado of Taiya
00:52:24rebelled against the emperor to create an independent country.
00:52:38In 1192, Minamoto no Yoritomo,
00:52:41who gathered the samurai of Tohoku,
00:52:44established the Kamakura Shogunate.
00:52:48Their driving force against the power of the capital
00:52:52was the horses they raised in Tohoku.
00:52:59The result was to oppose Ogen.
00:53:02Mr. Kitagawa chose the horse,
00:53:05but after the decision was made,
00:53:08it was decided to oppose Ogen.
00:53:12Mr. Kitagawa chose the horse,
00:53:15but how did you feel about the decision?
00:53:23I wanted to have a talk with him.
00:53:26I was right, but I lost.
00:53:29It was ideal to have a discussion
00:53:32while taking advantage of the good points,
00:53:35but there was a difference in the buttons.
00:53:39I thought it was a good time to have a talk with him.
00:53:48What happened to the horse that opposed Ogen?
00:53:53According to Japanese history,
00:53:56the horse was not punished.
00:53:59All the other horses were punished,
00:54:02but the horse was not punished.
00:54:05The horse was not punished.
00:54:08The horse was not punished,
00:54:11but it was not powerful enough.
00:54:14The power of the Kamitsukenushi
00:54:17became the foundation of the samurai of Tohoku.
00:54:21The Kamitsukenushi himself
00:54:24gradually lost his power,
00:54:27but the people around him
00:54:30wanted to become Kamitsukenushi.
00:54:33The Toraikyo and the Kamitsukenushi
00:54:36were the new Kamitsukenushi.
00:54:39In that sense, the Kamitsukenushi
00:54:42was the military brand before the Genji.
00:54:45I felt the power of Tohoku.
00:54:48Mr. Isora, in the second half of the 6th century,
00:54:51the front park was no longer built.
00:54:54What does that mean?
00:54:57It means the topography has advanced.
00:55:00It's different from what the local nobles said.
00:55:03The relationship between the top and the bottom is clear.
00:55:06That's why the Kamitsukenushi
00:55:09started to be built a little late.
00:55:12At first, people who didn't understand
00:55:15said, I'm amazing.
00:55:18The Kamitsukenushi was built with a mound,
00:55:21but they said, take the mound.
00:55:24I have to say, listen to what I say
00:55:27After the 3rd generation,
00:55:30it's because they are the children of that person
00:55:33that the rule becomes fair.
00:55:36At the beginning of the Edo period,
00:55:39as Nobunaga did,
00:55:42he built a huge temple and made people look up to him.
00:55:45It was amazing because he built such a temple.
00:55:48It's the same with the 3rd generation.
00:55:51I think we can say the same thing
00:55:54about the Kamitsukenushi.
00:55:57Mr. Kaneji, what kind of system will be introduced
00:56:00by the death of the prefectural government
00:56:03in the Yamato Prefecture?
00:56:06One is the letters
00:56:09that enter the Korean Peninsula.
00:56:12In other words,
00:56:15we will create a system
00:56:18of officials.
00:56:21Then, we will create a new temple.
00:56:24Instead of using a mound,
00:56:27it will be a wooden temple
00:56:30with a roof.
00:56:33We will strengthen the authority
00:56:36in the temple.
00:56:39I think that's how the system will change.
00:56:42The letters are amazing.
00:56:45It's amazing that the letters
00:56:48can leave such a strong impression.
00:56:51It's not a technology,
00:56:54but it's the use of abstract knowledge.
00:56:57It's different from the power of a horse.
00:57:00I think it was difficult
00:57:03to use only human wisdom and craftsmanship.
00:57:06I think it's amazing
00:57:09that we've moved to that kind of know-how.
00:57:13I think it's amazing.
00:57:16Mr. Isora, how do you feel about the theme
00:57:19of the Kamitsuke no Uchi?
00:57:22I think that the area of Gunma
00:57:25is very important
00:57:28because of the wisdom of the government
00:57:31and the power of Japan.
00:57:34This country is a stable island.
00:57:37In order to be stable,
00:57:40there must be some kind of rule.
00:57:43Especially in the area
00:57:46where the Tone River splits,
00:57:49such as Ashikaga,
00:57:52the capital of Gunma,
00:57:55and Fujioka,
00:57:58there must be some kind of power
00:58:01and authority.
00:58:04Otherwise, it's difficult to rule
00:58:07In Ashikaga and Nitta,
00:58:10there is a lot of dust.
00:58:13Even the Tokugawa Shogunate
00:58:16came from Nitta,
00:58:19the capital of Gunma,
00:58:22so they want to show off themselves.
00:58:25That's why the theme of Kamitsuke no Uchi
00:58:28is so important.
00:58:31I have to dig deeper.
00:58:35In the next episode,
00:58:38we will talk about the end of the Kofun Period
00:58:41in the second half of the 7th century.
00:58:44I'm looking forward to it.
00:58:47I'm going to the place where the Kofun is gone.
00:58:50I'm looking forward to it.
00:59:04In the second episode,
00:59:07we will talk about why the mysterious
00:59:10eight-angled Kofun was made.
00:59:13On BS Touka at 9 p.m.
00:59:16Ijuu Document E! Ijuu!
00:59:19The Ijuus got the Kofun.
00:59:22They use it in surprising ways.
00:59:25It's an old and new place for experiments.
00:59:28Watch E! Ijuu!
00:59:31A false goddess, Gen Ijuu,
00:59:34is seduced by an evil spirit.
00:59:37Can the scientist stop her?
00:59:40Tonight at 10.45 p.m.
00:59:43Science seduces.
00:59:46Nihon Tabi on Nomitetsu Honsen.
00:59:49This time, we're going to Nihigata in winter.
00:59:52We're going to Nomitetsu in a snow ceremony.
00:59:55This is what it looks like.
00:59:58Tonight at 10.45 p.m.