Documentary Film | Al-Khawarizmi | Father of Mathematics and Computers | Islamic Videos

Name: Documentary Film | Al-Khawarizmi | Father of Mathematics and Computers | Islamic Videos | Education of Islam
Uploaded: 2025-05-11T21:45:30+00:00
Duration: 31 min 27 s
Channel: Islamic Swipes

Islamic Swipes

2 days ago

Documentary Film | Al-Khawarizmi | Father of Mathematics and Computers | Islamic Videos | Education of Islam

Discover the remarkable legacy of Al-Khawarizmi, the legendary Muslim scholar known as the Father of Mathematics and Computers. This powerful Islamic documentary explores his groundbreaking contributions to algebra, algorithms, and the foundation of modern computing. Learn about the life and works of this great mind from the Islamic Golden Age, whose innovations continue to shape the modern world. A must-watch for students, educators, and those passionate about Islamic history and scientific contributions.

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00:006, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, ignition sequence starts.

00:30The world is in constant change and development.

00:51All fields of life have progressed.

00:54Connection between humans, work and shopping.

00:58Travel and movement, even fun and games.

01:02Everything in people's lives runs now through smart devices, connected to a vast digital

01:08space.

01:11Humanity reached their scientific peak only through a long journey of creativity and contributions,

01:19which the Islamic Arab civilization was part of it.

01:23Through the development of various sciences, atop of them is mathematics, which paved the

01:30way to humanity to probe the depths of life and travel to space.

01:37Through smart programs based on algorithms attributed to the great mathematician, the genius, father

01:45of computer, Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi.

01:52Baghdad was the capital, it was the centre.

01:59It was the seat of governance, it was the centre for trade, if you like, the sort of economics.

02:18And it also became, in a way, the scientific centre.

02:32Baghdad was the capital of the world, the metropolis of life.

02:40Every knowledge seeker wished to go to Baghdad to receive lessons from scholars with great

02:43influence.

02:48In addition, the Abbasid Caliphs had great interest in building schools.

02:56This quantum leap in science made a significant impression on knowledge seekers, so they started

03:01researching and studying during the peak of Caliphs Haroun al-Rashid and Al-Mamun's reigns.

03:09To such an extent, that any scholar who wrote or translated any book from any language to

03:17Arabic was paid the weight of it in gold or silver.

03:21Everybody who was ambitious, everybody who had a story to tell, everybody who had a talent

03:26and so on, would want to come to Baghdad.

03:28That's where the jobs were, that's where the caliphal court was.

03:33As it were, be on the world stage.

03:36And you left wherever you were born and brought up, and you came to Baghdad.

03:44Under the rise and power of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the financially abled families emigrated

03:52from a town called Khawarizm, in the Khorasan region on the outskirts of the Islamic State,

04:00heading to the heart and centre of the Caliphate.

04:04That family settled in Qurtabal, near Baghdad.

04:11Among the members of that family grew a very smart, distinguished and bright young man,

04:18who was observant, passionate about research, science and knowledge.

04:24He is Mohammed ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi.

04:30Al-Khawarizmi lived his youth in Qurtabal, where he used to spend his days, either among

04:36scholars or in the family farms, helping his family in cultivating and caring for them.

04:45Al-Khawarizmi was very confused, as his mind was always occupied with measuring distances

05:02and learning volumes.

05:08Each body his eyes observed would immediately turn into lines, drawing geometric shapes.

05:13Al-Khawarizmi was very confused, as his mind was often taken, as his mind was often taken, as his mind was often taken, as his mind was taken.

05:21Al-Khawarizmi was very confused, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken.

05:28Al-Khawarizmi was very confused, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken, as his mind was taken

05:58Peace be with you.

06:05Peace and God's mercy and blessings be upon you.

06:12You look busy and distracted, Muhammad.

06:19As long as I'm awake, I find myself occupied with the shapes of things and the distances between them, calculating their heights.

06:26Moreover, I find myself busy connecting imaginary lines from a palm tree to the other, from a tree to a tree, from a house to a house.

06:37To an extent that my head is filled with intersected lines in various geometric shapes, imaginations and images accompanying me during my wake and following me in my dreams while sleeping.

06:51My son, if I'm guessing correct, you will excel in mathematics.

07:00So go to Baghdad to seek knowledge and do not waste your time on farming fields, lest your energy go to waste.

07:09But I helped my father in farming and I can't...

07:12Go to the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.

07:16I am sure you will find what you see.

07:22And leave farming to farmers.

07:25As for your father, leave him to me.

07:31Thank you, my dear teacher.

07:33May God bless you.

07:35Peace be upon you.

07:37Peace be upon you too.

07:39Al-Khawarizmi was no longer confused, and his sheikh's words ignited his enthusiasm.

07:48He headed towards Baghdad, the world's metropolis at the time of the peak of Islamic glory, seeking knowledge.

08:01Al-Khawarizmi enrolled in the House of Wisdom, which at that time was the center of science and scholars.

08:07It was established by Caliph Haroun al-Rashid, who dedicated a huge budget to it, due to his love for science and scholars.

08:16The Dalal Hikmah, the House of Wisdom, was an institution of the government.

08:23It used to be thought that this was like a university, that it had professors in classrooms and that sort of education.

08:30And it started as a center for learning about philosophy, literature, and the sciences from wherever it could be found.

08:43And so the sources were Greek sources, so people were sent to Greece.

08:48The sources were Persian, so a lot of Persian sources came in, and there were a lot of Indian sources.

08:53If we would picture the situation during Al-Khawarizmi's age, there was no internet, not even printed books.

09:16And in order to learn anything, one needed either to meet a scholar in person, or read the manuscript someone manually copied in a science or a field of knowledge.

09:30Of course, Al-Khawarizmi benefited from studying in the House of Wisdom, as there were prominent scholars in his days, who translated works from other civilizations.

09:45This scientific atmosphere played an essential role in Al-Khawarizmi's works.

09:58Amazingly, Al-Khawarizmi, having a bright and sharp mind, managed to receive a license to teach mathematics in only two years, the thing that none of his peers achieved at that time.

10:15His teacher praised him to the caliph, Harun al-Rashid, who asked the teacher, saying,

10:23didn't you have a skilled, successful student in mathematics?

10:27The teacher answered, yes, I have Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi.

10:37Caliph Harun al-Rashid knew that knowledge is power, not a luxury.

10:42He encouraged smart students, provided them with the appropriate environment, and took good care of Al-Khawarizmi,

10:54who devoted himself to books, one after the other, reading, criticizing, and extracting useful information.

11:03Until Al-Mamun's reign, who facilitated for Al-Khawarizmi the means to continue his journey in research and learning,

11:13by appointing him the secretary of the caliph's palace books treasury.

11:16Thus, he put under his supervision huge scientific books, whether in Persian, Turkish, or Arabic,

11:29in addition to the fourth language he had learned, which was Greek.

11:33Thus, adding his scientific weight, Al-Khawarizmi at that time read many books on mathematics.

11:39These equations are still complicated.

12:02I agree with you, Abu Jaffar.

12:09Let's review this part from...

12:12What's that noise? What's happening?

12:17It's okay, Abu Jaffar. Don't worry.

12:20There's no good in science that won't help people.

12:50And there's no good in scholars isolated behind walls from people.

13:00Al-Khawarizmi is unlike so many scientists, but even today,

13:06it's just the most kind of wonderful example of today what we might call popular science.

13:12He really understood how to communicate to audiences who are not expert,

13:18and for making his information and knowledge relevant,

13:20and that's something that I think we can all learn from.

13:22An Islamic scholar needs accurate numbers regarding fields like taxing,

13:30zakat, renting, and trade in general.

13:34The necessity from the Sharia aspect also called for his action.

13:42So, he would serve Muslims concerning inheritance issues.

13:46We're talking about the Abbasid Caliphate, which at that time expanded to nearly 40 Islamic countries,

13:54and many people from those countries converted to Islam,

13:58and they were totally ignorant about the inheritance, science, and its process.

14:03Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi conquered mathematics,

14:20which was scattered between unrelated, unorganized numbers.

14:25Actually, at that time, mathematics was suffering a lot,

14:34for it was difficult to deal with numbers.

14:37There were no symbols for numbers in mathematics.

14:41The Greeks used Latin letters for symbols,

14:43and Arabs, in return, referred to numbers with the letters corresponding to them.

14:48Before Al-Khawarizmi, how were numbers calculated?

15:00It was very difficult to deal with numbers, especially by laymen.

15:04If we take a look at an example of those numbers, or the Roman symbols,

15:09we'll know that these symbols, the numbering process depended on letters like these,

15:14or symbols as such.

15:16These symbols were very difficult to deal with.

15:19They were useless in calculations, even in simple ones, and not apt for improvement.

15:24Let's imagine how people dig calculations.

15:27We'll find that it was a very, very difficult and complex process.

15:32How would a Roman student calculate 26 by 14?

15:3726 was written as XX, meaning 10 and 10.

15:44Then 6 as V, which is 5, and then I, which is 1.

15:5114 was written as X and V, which is 5, but I was added in front of it, meaning this is 4, not 6.

15:59If we want to multiply them, what do we do?

16:03We write 26, 14 times like this, and add it to itself.

16:10This is, of course, a very difficult and a very long process.

16:15And after that, there was a kind of calculations by sentences.

16:20They started making tables like these, and specified in them a number for each letter.

16:26Meaning, A is number so-and-so, it can be thus and it can be such.

16:30According to the letter arrangement theory, which is Arabic literal notation,

16:35Abjad, Hawaz, Hati, Kalman.

16:38At that time, someone made a joke.

16:41One of the princes died.

16:43So, he wanted to document the date of his death.

16:47He wrote Feh al-mesh-mesh, in the apricot.

16:52Meaning that letter F equals number 80 in the table.

16:56Whereas I equals 10.

16:58A is 1.

17:00Then he started collecting them.

17:02Taking each number corresponding to each letter.

17:07Thus reaching the result that the prince died in the year 801.

17:12Which was actually true.

17:14But this process has a very high degree of difficulty.

17:18Especially in other calculations.

17:21All this was before al-Khwarizmi.

17:24At that time, al-Khwarizmi started searching for knowledge everywhere.

17:37His mind was occupied by Indian arithmetic process.

17:41As Indian scholars had excelled in mathematics inventions and science.

17:47And he managed to develop these symbols, which became the Arabic numerals, now forming them based on angles.

18:06Numbers after al-Khwarizmi, as we see in this table, depend on angles.

18:12Thus, we can say that this number 1 is the Arabic number 1.

18:16This is the Arabic numeral.

18:18It's based on one angle.

18:20Concerning number 2, he defined it with 2 angles.

18:24Whereas number 3, he defined it with 3 angles, like this.

18:28And so on until he reached number 9.

18:31Which he defined it with 9 angles.

18:34As we can see, 1, 2, 3, and here is 4.

18:37Here are 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

18:40These are the angles that defined the number.

18:43These are the Arabic numerals.

18:45These are the Arabic numerals.

18:46These are the Arabic numerals.

18:50These are the Arabic numerals.

18:53The Arabic numerals.

18:55Ahwarizmi learned this Indian arithmetic.

18:57They understood how important it is.

19:00And that it is a game changer in calculations.

19:03But it only had 9 symbols from 1 to 9.

19:07So I still might face a problem with a number like 601.

19:11101. I'm going to write one in the odd numbers column and six in the hundreds.

19:17But what am I going to write in the even numbers column?

19:20Today, we know it is the zero. We just simply put zero in the even numbers column.

19:28Back in time, before al-Khwarizmi, in different civilizations, this dot was somehow mysterious.

19:35They used it in ancient civilizations, separating between numbers and they shaped it like a

19:45whole. They would pierce the writing, shape a whole, thus representing separation and

19:52not value. So al-Khwarizmi was the only one who added the zero to this system, creating

19:58a major development in numbers.

20:05When al-Khwarizmi added zero as a place value. So we have, for example, number one, add zero

20:17to its right and it will be ten. Add two zeros to its right, then the number will be one hundred

20:24and its multiplications. This solved a major problem. Thus, al-Khwarizmi managed to deal

20:31with numbers.

20:35He wrote a book explaining Indian arithmetic. And through it, people learned about mathematics,

20:40which lasted till today. Not the book itself, but the process of calculations. This is what

20:47we use today. And we are able to write any number, no matter how big. And we perform calculations

20:54following the algorithmic way. By algorithmic way, we mean a set of sequential and simple

21:01steps, leading to the result in a very simple way.

21:08Al-Khwarizmi played a significant role when he wrote the book on the Indian arithmetic. He

21:15explained the importance of zero, establishing an important pillar in mathematics. Setting

21:22zero was one of the milestones. He managed to reach a set of knowledge. The majority of

21:28civilizations before that, each one was still operating, to some extent, independently. He

21:35had such intelligence and brilliance, which enabled him to extract and deduce from this

21:42knowledge, its useful aspects, and then paraphrase it. I mean, he didn't just pass it. Rather,

21:49he took advantage of it, fully comprehended its meaning, and then formulating it, in a simple

21:56and useful way.

22:01Al-Khwarizmi's belief in science had no limits. He didn't stop at solving mathematical

22:08problems. He was ahead of his age, writing the jewels of his works, and which became a

22:14milestone in the history of science. It was destined to be one of the cornerstones of modern

22:20mathematics. As he wrote his founding book, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing.

22:32Al-Kitab, Al-Mukhtasar, Fihisab Al-Jabr Wal-Muqabla, which is his book on algebra. Literally, every school

22:43child in every country that goes through school uses this book, even though it's not necessarily

22:50acknowledged. The book on calculation by completion and balancing was written by Al-Kharizmi, where he stated the basics of algebra, one of the most important

23:00branches of mathematics today. These basics were founded on the idea that there is something called equations. These equations may form a relation, combining between certain numbers.

23:17Al-Khwarizmi's most important achievements related to mathematics is, is the compendious book on calculation by completion and balancing, equations that had two sides.

23:29So, he would transmit this negative part and move it to the other side. Algebra is transmitting fractions, squares and roots from one end to the other, whereas balancing is simply adding similar sides, which no one thought about before.

23:46How can I take this 5x and this 3x and, through algebra, I transmit it to the other side. 5x added to 3x equals 8x. He based his title on this concept, completion and balancing.

24:05You'll find that Al-Khwarizmi's book describes and categorizes equations, which no one did before. Then he set methods to solve these equations, based on specific arithmetic steps.

24:18There is an actual proof that each part leads to the next one, reaching to a final correct answer. An idea that, when computers were invented, with their high ability to calculate fast, they were programmed through algorithms, named after Al-Khwarizmi.

24:42Al-Khwarizmi himself didn't write algorithms in the way we use today, the way of thinking.

24:49This linguistic influence proves how Al-Khwarizmi's books on algebra and mathematics influenced the minds and ideas of the modern European civilization.

25:04After Al-Khwarizmi's guidance to aid to write the book on calculation by completion and balancing, I thought of making a compendious for it, so people would use it in their everyday lives.

25:20Thus, facilitating for them the matters of dividing inheritance, calculating trade, and measuring space.

25:27I seek reward from Allah only, for my success comes only from Allah. On Him I have relied, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne.

25:39Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi left a useful legacy, represented in a collection of books, treatises, deductions, and over 20 to 30 books.

25:56Al-Khwarizmi published some research papers. Nowadays, how does science advance? Some researchers send specific works to be published, which we call them papers or lectures.

26:11This work may consist of four or five papers addressing a certain problem. For example, he had solutions for sundial.

26:19He also published research papers on astronomical calculations for the five moons known at that time, and on the movement of stars and planets.

26:29He also managed to mathematically calculate them, thus becoming the actual founder of the Islamic astronomy.

26:35Al-Khwarizmi died in 223 AH, 847 CE.

26:49After a while, his two major works in mathematics, the book on calculation by completion and balancing, and his book on Indian arithmetic, were translated into Latin.

27:00Some of Khwarizmi's work only survives in Latin translations. The original Arabic has been lost. So it's a profound impact on Western intellectual culture.

27:13And then a lot of his texts, and a lot of other Arabic astronomical and other texts were printed very early on, when printing is widespread in the 16th century.

27:24Fibonacci, the Italian scientist, a contemporary scientist, meaning he came around 200 years or more after Azwarizmi, was born and raised in Northwest Africa, then moved to Italy, and studied Azwarizmi's books.

27:47He transferred the term zero into Italian, calling it Zafiro, which was passed later to the French, and was called zero in English.

27:55The word zero in English originated from the Arabic Sifir.

28:00Islamic civilization embraced mathematics, and Muslims excelled in its branches, enriching scientific life with great contributions.

28:13Despite the development of the Islamic civilization witnessed during the past centuries,

28:20Al Khawarizmi's books remained as the foundation stone, upon which the modern scientific civilization was built.

28:28The Western civilization kept using the decimal system, and still use algebra today.

28:40Algebra is a major branch in mathematics, surpassing the equation stage founded by Al Khawarizmi, and it is still called algebra, and still leads many modern global algebra books, which were just published a year or two ago.

28:55It is said that the origin of this book goes back to Al Jabawwal Muqqabala book, book on calculation by completion and balancing.

29:04Certainly, the role of mathematics on all fields, whether on the internet, or the stock exchange, or on an ATM machine, they wouldn't have existed if it was not for the great development in mathematics based on what was founded by Al Khawarizmi.

29:20Al Khawarizmi.

29:21There's no good in science that won't help people, and there's no good in scholars isolated from people behind walls.

29:30Al Khawarizmi.

29:31Al Khawarizmi.

29:32Al Khawarizmi.

29:33Al Khawarizmi.

29:34Al Khawarizmi.

29:35Al Khawarizmi.

29:36Al Khawarizmi.

29:37Al Khawarizmi.

29:38Al Khawarizmi.

29:39Al Khawarizmi.