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00:00A sealed coffin, evidence of royal remains, a newly discovered tomb, 15 yards from Tutankhamun.
00:12A major mystery unravels under the scrutiny of the world's press.
00:18Can science provide answers to the mysterious tomb known as KV-63?
00:30KV-63
00:31Archaeologists working in Egypt's Valley of the Kings have described the
00:59tomb, just a stone's throw from Tutankhamun's, and it's rocked the world.
01:05An exciting new discovery on earth in Egypt.
01:07The first tomb discovered in more than 80 years.
01:10A spectacular archaeological discovery, an intact tomb.
01:14No other tomb has been found in Egypt's royal graveyard since Howard Carter revealed the magnificent burial chambers of Tutankhamun.
01:22Over 80 years ago, the tombs of the boy king's relations have never been found.
01:29An international team of scientists prepares for the biggest adventure of their lives.
01:35Armed with 21st century technology, they all want to know one thing.
01:41Could this tomb hold the key to Tutankhamun's lost family?
01:46I feel that this face is someone who's similar to King Tut.
01:53Here again we have another strong connection with the end of Tutankhamun.
01:58This is the Valley of the Kings, probably the most famous graveyard in the world.
02:05By 1922, in a small valley between the Nile and the Sahara Desert, 62 tombs had been discovered.
02:15It was February 2006 when Dr. Otto Schaden discovered a 63rd.
02:22Every tomb is assigned a reference number prefixed with the letters KV, King's Valley.
02:28This tomb became KV-63.
02:32We knew something was up.
02:34Of what?
02:35We couldn't be sure the first day, but the next day, as we cleared further,
02:39then we started to find the corners and the sides of the shaft.
02:44A shaft descended straight down into solid bedrock.
02:48At the bottom was a doorway, and through it, a glimpse of a world not seen for thousands of years.
02:57My eyes expanded as if they were going to fall out of it, through their sockets.
03:02It was just so strange.
03:06Just 15 yards away is the tomb containing the mummified body of the famous boy king, Tutankhamun.
03:16Archaeologists have never found the tombs of his wife, Anka Sanamun, and his mother, Kya.
03:22It's possible that KV-63 relates to Tutankhamun's family.
03:27But these scientists want more than possibility.
03:31They will only settle for proof.
03:34Inscriptions must be found which can accurately date the tomb.
03:39As the team steps back in time, the quest is on.
03:44Whose tomb is this, and when did they die?
03:53Biological anthropologist Dr. Ken Nystrom is an expert in the study of ancient human remains.
04:00What did you find when we first got in the tomb?
04:03Our first view, of course, was from the doorway here.
04:06And basically we had this series of jars on the right side, most of them still sealed,
04:13and a cluster of coffins in this corner.
04:17Unlike most tombs in the Valley of the Kings, which are a complex of chambers and corridors,
04:22KV-63 is a single chamber beneath a five-yard vertical shaft.
04:29Once we actually got into the tomb, then we could get a count and ended up with 28 storage jars and seven coffins.
04:39Five coffins are badly damaged and definitely don't hold mummies.
04:43But two coffins, one large and one small, appear sealed.
04:49The two in the back might contain mummies, but we can't tell for sure until we can get back to that area and actually examine them.
04:57Could this be the first mummy to be found here in the 21st century?
05:02The excavation of tomb KV-63 in the Valley of the Kings is about to begin.
05:16And where's the plan going?
05:19Our main job now is to save but we can get it up, then we can study it closely.
05:24Termites have destroyed some of the wood.
05:29Another setback, hot, humid air.
05:33It could damage the newly exposed coffins.
05:37The searing heat is already taking its toll on the archaeologists.
05:41As summer draws closer, the risk of extreme weather conditions increases.
05:46And not just the fierce heat.
05:49Every few years, rain triggers flash floods in the area.
05:54The most severe danger comes from the hills to the west.
06:00Massive rains on the edge of the Sahara Desert.
06:03They don't absorb well in the desert and so they come down into the valley.
06:08They'll come pouring over these hills right on top of the tomb.
06:13For thousands of years, the contents of KV-63 were protected from the environment under five yards of packed earth.
06:25But now the coffins are exposed and vulnerable.
06:30Time is against the archaeologists, but methodical cataloging of the artifacts is vital if they want to reveal the tomb's secrets.
06:38Jars like these often contain sacred objects and personal items intended for the dead to use in the afterlife.
06:48They hope that one will contain something which will date the burial and clarify its link to Tutankhamen.
06:55To analyze the contents of the sealed storage jars, they must first move them.
07:01KV-63 is a small space, so Dr. Shaden has created an on-site field lab in a larger empty tomb nearby.
07:10Dr. Salima Ikram, an expert in mummification rituals, has the job of opening the jars.
07:19The most exciting thing is you're entering a place that has been sealed for well over 3,000 years.
07:24So each time when opens a jar, it's a new sort of thrill of discovery.
07:29And it's rare that one gets to have that kind of experience as an archaeologist today.
07:34Hurry up. I can't hold it.
07:39Okay.
07:40Just look at that. Look at that, look at that. Oh my God, oh my God. Oh my God.
07:45Got it.
07:47Got it?
07:48Yep.
07:49Ooh.
07:50Ooh.
07:51Ow.
07:52Wow.
07:53Over the next few hours, Dr. Ikram removes a variety of objects.
08:02Oh, beautiful.
08:05Amongst the debris, gold leaf.
08:08We have shiny yellow metal.
08:11Boomerang, it's got the eye painted.
08:13It doesn't have the eye painted yet, but we'll see.
08:16The carved wooden head of a cobra snake.
08:19Yeah.
08:20Certainly the shape.
08:21It's the right shape.
08:22Put that cobra.
08:23Don't throw it away.
08:24We'll keep it.
08:25You think so?
08:26If you insist, Dr., we'll keep it.
08:28Sometimes you have to make those command decisions.
08:32And then, the first discovery that could help date the tomb.
08:37Oh God.
08:40Finally, they have an inscription.
08:43That's what you want to look for.
08:45And then a second.
08:46That's what you want to look for.
08:47And then a second.
08:50Is that a good one?
08:51Don't say I don't ever give the presents.
08:56The two inscriptions must be deciphered.
08:59The words are written in an ancient Egyptian script known as Hieratic.
09:04It starts out with year five.
09:07And it mentions wine.
09:10This word will have to work out.
09:13The fragment is from a wine jar made during the fifth year of a pharaoh's reign.
09:19The key word, the pharaoh's name, is missing.
09:23But together with the other artifacts, Dr. Shaden hopes he can identify the time period when the tomb was filled.
09:30The materials inside certainly seem to fall somewhere around Dynasty 18.
09:37We've got similar pottery, similar miniature bowls, similar jar covers.
09:43So we know it's going to fall basically in this 18th Dynasty era.
09:49The 18th Dynasty was a line of pharaohs who ruled Egypt 3,300 years ago.
09:56The most famous of them was Tutankhamun.
10:00How more specific we can be will depend on the results of the work and, of course, in large measure,
10:07on the nature of the finds that are yet to be discovered.
10:10The last of the 28 jars have been removed from the tomb.
10:14And Egyptologist Ted Brock can start investigating the coffins.
10:19I don't know why, but for some reason today, conditions are bright that we can see over here on the cover of this back coffin,
10:28three vertical bands of incised text.
10:32Oh, yeah.
10:33Two of them from there.
10:34And then I can see it from on the other side of this smaller coffin,
10:38another one near the foot.
10:40And I can't make out yet what the texts are, but I can see that there are texts there.
10:44It looks as though the black resin substance has been placed over the original inscription covering it up.
10:50These texts should date the coffin to the reign of a specific pharaoh.
10:57If it's inscribed, it'll have a name.
10:59Right.
11:00Oh, that's really exciting.
11:01We'll just have to wait till we can get to it.
11:03Right.
11:04The text on the two sealed coffins is a major find, but a closer look is impossible for the moment.
11:12First, the broken coffins in front must be preserved and cleared from their path.
11:19Dr. Shaden calls in Egypt's top wood conservation expert, Dr. Nadia Lokma.
11:27I left everything in Cairo and I came here because this is very unique.
11:33This is a challenge.
11:36The wood is extremely brittle.
11:38It must be reinforced before any attempt can be made to lift the coffins.
11:43Dr. Lokma fills the holes with cotton wool and soaks it in a solvent called P72,
11:48which bonds the fragments of wood together as it dries.
11:53The fibers of cotton will absorb it and then after that it will be dry and it will be strong.
12:03This labor-intensive process will take up to a month to complete.
12:08Meanwhile, the rest of the team continue to search for the elusive inscription that might help to explain this burial.
12:16Will they find a name?
12:26Searching through these jars, Dr. Salima Ikram thinks she is on the brink of identifying the owner of this newly unearthed ancient Egyptian tomb.
12:35I think we should be getting close to finding someone's name soon because we've opened 10 jars by now.
12:40These tiny pieces of mud could be the key.
12:48Whenever the priests who were in charge of the Valley of the Kings close something up, they would put their stamp on it.
12:54And this is the seal of the necropolis.
12:56Cemetery seals are one of the best pieces of dating evidence in the Valley of the Kings.
13:02They could bear a name, but the inscriptions are too small to read easily.
13:08Professor Earl Ertman likens their level of analysis to forensic investigation.
13:12This is crime scene evidence and we're trying to preserve that crime scene evidence to determine who did what and when.
13:20After several weeks of study, the team uncovers evidence which points to the timeframe of one pharaoh's reign.
13:32It's a major breakthrough, but a secret one.
13:36Without official approval, they will say nothing.
13:39There are some parallels to these seals from seals in other tombs, but we're really so early in the investigation,
13:48it's kind of premature to say, well, because it's here and there, that means.
13:52So we don't know what it means yet, but we're still collecting the evidence.
13:57I'd rather not jump ahead.
13:59We have parallels to adjacent tombs.
14:03That's about all I want to deal with now.
14:05Nobody will reveal anything without permission from the Supreme Council of Antiquities, the SCA.
14:11The SCA is really the guardian of the monuments of Egypt.
14:17And so anyone who works here must go through very set formal procedures.
14:24You must have the approval of the SCA.
14:29Mansoor Borek, SCA representative in the Valley of the Kings, is called to the site.
14:36Looking at a photo of one of the seals, he reveals the team's discovery.
14:41It's clear that this is Bah Atu. Bah is the bird and this is Atu.
14:48So it is a real good evidence for us.
14:53The inscription bears the symbol for a god called the Aten, or the Sun Disc.
15:01It was worshipped for a brief period in Egypt's history and linked to two important pharaohs.
15:07This is something from the Amerna because, you know, Amerna means, you know, the time of Akhenaten, and also the time of Tutakhamun.
15:17Gaps in the historical record for this period have led to intense academic debate, and experts still argue over the whereabouts of missing mummies.
15:27Like the pharaoh Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti.
15:35The team doesn't want to add fuel to the fire without permission from the Egyptian authorities.
15:41With the blessing of Mansoor Borek, the archaeologists break their silence.
15:46But this seal definitely places the material that's in the tomb in the Amerna period, or the end of the Amerna period, in that range.
15:59Dr. Shaden can offer further evidence to support this conclusion, and the time frame is pointing to one likely pharaoh.
16:07We have another seal, one of the best-preserved ones, nearly perfect.
16:16That one is important because it's also known from impressions found in the tomb of Tutankhamun.
16:24For the first time, Dr. Shaden is willing to connect KV-63 with the name of a pharaoh publicly.
16:32It's on the basis of the seals and their relationship to the nearby tombs here in the valley.
16:39At this stage, I would say it's most likely going to be Tutankhamun if we find any names on the seals.
16:46So I'm taking a risk by giving you a name here.
16:51I hope I don't have to change it later.
16:55If the tomb is dated to Tutankhamun's reign, the coffins so close to his tomb
17:01may connect to the boy king's family.
17:06Dr. Shaden's team seemed to be uncovering the first evidence that the sealed coffins may contain mummified bodies.
17:14All this white powdery material is what's called natron.
17:20It's kind of a salty thing that was used in the embalming process to dry out the body.
17:26To mummify a corpse, the ancient Egyptians covered the body in natron salt for six weeks.
17:32Once dried, the body was preserved in oil and wrapped in bandages.
17:38Ted also finds the natron in bags.
17:41What would they have been used for?
17:45Well, you know, they have various cavities in the body that have to be dried out.
17:49So they sort of stick them into various orifices.
17:54As she continues emptying the jars, Dr. Ikram also finds large quantities of natron.
18:02But this natron contains an extra ingredient, human flesh.
18:09What's nice is, we've just been recovering someone's body parts.
18:13Really?
18:14Flesh.
18:15Here.
18:16Now they know for certain, mummies were here.
18:21That, those bits?
18:23Yeah.
18:24Because sometimes when you're doing the mummification, you lose chunks.
18:29This is the waste material produced by the mummification process.
18:34Uh-huh.
18:35Anyway, you might want to get a mask for yourself.
18:38Yeah, I'm starting to choke.
18:39I'm sorry, yeah, no.
18:40Natron is not the best thing to breathe in.
18:43Used natron indicates that mummification took place here.
18:47But where are the bodies?
18:49That semi-coffins have natron is of significance.
18:56But in our case, there are two coffins sealed in the back.
19:00And our hope is that both of them contain a mummy.
19:07The scientists are desperate to get their hands on them.
19:10But they are surrounded by a disintegrated pile of wood.
19:14These broken coffins have been expertly conserved
19:17and are now ready to be taken away for analysis.
19:23Amongst the debris, Dr. Nadia Lokma spots a treasure.
19:27The carved face mask of one of the coffins.
19:31The nose is pretty good.
19:34A little bit pushed in.
19:36One eye is damaged.
19:38It's not too bad.
19:42You get to be amongst the first people to see this face
19:48that has been hidden away for 3,200 years.
19:57Now the most difficult phase of the operation so far.
20:00Removing this partially open coffin.
20:03It lies on top of the sealed coffins that Dr. Schaden is so keen to investigate.
20:10The problem is that the way the coffins are placed,
20:14if something gives on one side or the other,
20:17it could come down and smash the infant's coffin.
20:20Moving the top coffin could cause the large back one to roll over
20:24and crush the tiny casket next to it.
20:31To prevent this, the team secures the furthest coffin by surrounding it with sandbags.
20:38After six weeks of meticulous excavation, they're finally ready for the big move.
21:01They hope it will clear a path to a mummy.
21:04The archaeologists of tomb KV-63 are about to get their first glimpse inside a coffin unopened for thousands of years.
21:20As they prepare for the delicate operation, Dr. Schaden is feeling the pressure.
21:25I didn't get much sleep last night and I do worry that a number of little things could go wrong.
21:31This excavation has such potential significance that Mansour Bareik of the Egyptian authorities wants to supervise it himself.
21:41He and Dr. Nadia Lokma helped to construct the type of simple beam and cradle system
21:49that could well have been used by the ancient Egyptians themselves.
21:56What ancient secrets are about to be revealed?
22:11On first glance, the contents appear to be materials left over from the mummification process.
22:21The team decides to move the coffin up to the lab in order to carry out a proper examination.
22:27The coffin has yet to give up its secrets.
22:35Judging from what you can see on the surface here, there doesn't seem to be any mummy in this coffin.
22:40The team is in for a surprise.
22:45Pillows, over 3,000 years old.
22:50The challenge is to get them out without them disintegrating.
22:56Leading textiles expert Dr. Elise Van Rouge arrives to examine what may be the oldest find of its kind in the world.
23:05At first I thought, pillows? Are they really pillows?
23:10The outside fabric is really fine. It has like 30 or 40 threads per centimeter,
23:16which is unbelievable to imagine how you would weave that on a hand loom.
23:22So this must have been a really precious item.
23:26They're even stuffed with feathers like modern day pillows.
23:30No discovery like it has ever been recorded here.
23:34And even the tomb of Tutankhamen, which had complete wardrobe and furniture and everything, didn't have any pillows.
23:42It's a sure sign of high status.
23:46There are some markings on the sides done with ink.
23:50They're a standard funerary formula.
23:53Yeah, they probably put them on before they actually moved the pillows into the tomb.
23:59The inscription reads, eternity and happiness in the afterlife.
24:05But whose afterlife?
24:11Beneath the last pillow they find an awe-inspiring treasure.
24:15And it points to a royal tomb.
24:19Oh, this is gold. It's gifted.
24:21It's unbelievable.
24:23Wow, wow, wow, wow. This is so beautiful.
24:27This is made in a royal workshop.
24:29Something for a royal member, you know, of the family.
24:33You see, oh, wow.
24:35Also.
24:36Oh.
24:37It's gifted.
24:38Resin on the back.
24:39We better not, we may break it.
24:40Why not?
24:41No, no, no.
24:43It fits.
24:44It fits?
24:45Yeah.
24:46Wow.
24:48Congratulations.
24:55Gold caskets like this were buried with Egyptian royalty.
24:59They were used to hold a figurine called a Ushabti, a likeness of the deceased.
25:07From the features, Mansour identifies the owner's sex.
25:10It's definitely for a woman.
25:13Furthermore, he recognizes the style of the art.
25:17She bears a resemblance to Tutankhamun.
25:21It goes to the same directions which we are talking about from the beginning,
25:27that this tomb should be for one of the royal family of Tutankhamun,
25:32especially maybe for his wife or for his mother, we don't know.
25:36And all these things connected for Herkofun, which would be the last one.
25:44Tutankhamun's wife was Akasinamun.
25:47His mother's name was Kia.
25:50This casket seems to link one of them to KV-63.
25:54But for solid proof, the team needs to find a name.
26:06It's now June, the hottest time of the year.
26:10Archaeologists rarely dig after May.
26:13But this excavation can't finish until the tomb is empty.
26:17And inside KV-63, Dr. Lockma and her conservation team are still working as fast as they can.
26:24We have to move this one and then support this one.
26:28Dr. Lockma must now conserve the coffin that she calls the Princess before it can be opened.
26:33When you see it, you think that it is one piece and it's okay and it's wonderful.
26:40But the termite eat it completely.
26:43So if you even touch it, it will collapse.
26:51Did you get it? We need another one here.
26:54I have two.
26:55All of us will help because each panel of these needs a person.
27:01And then, did you put one of the two?
27:04This is a very, very sensitive piece.
27:07I don't think we can move it without supporting with something.
27:11Yes.
27:12Yes, you see, you get what I need?
27:14Up, up, up, up, up, up, up, up.
27:16We go to the other one.
27:18Slowly, slowly.
27:20Okay.
27:21Oh, my goodness.
27:22Please succeed.
27:29Oh, my goodness.
27:30One piece, one piece.
27:33Dr. Lockma's painstaking conservation work has paid off.
27:38It's all yours now.
27:39Do what you want.
27:41While the team studies the princess coffin, Dr. Lockma turns her attention to the tiny sealed casket at the back of the tomb.
27:50Termites have eaten most of the wood, leaving just a thin outer layer.
27:56The casket has collapsed.
27:59And, disappointment, there's no mummy inside.
28:02The wood was eaten completely, and it's covered with black resin from inside.
28:09And, of course, the gold leaf is corroded.
28:12I'm sorry about that.
28:13Okay, put it there.
28:15That will need a lot of work.
28:16The team has, at last, cleared a path to the final sealed coffin at the back of KV-63.
28:30For the scientists, this is their last hope of finding a mummy.
28:37The team will reinforce the wood and open it where it lies.
28:40Dr. Lockma gives Dr. Shaden some time to study the inscriptions.
28:50Pass me a mouth, which is the R.
28:55With these three tall signs, you will get K-E-H-T-E-B-E.
29:05And then under here, if we're correct, there should be a horned viper.
29:11It could be Pepeh Senueth, which is one of the sons of Hors.
29:17He can identify the name of a minor god, but the name of the deceased is obscured.
29:24And time to study the inscriptions is running out.
29:28But, you see, today I will put the tissue paper on and out.
29:31So, if you need something, you should do it now, because I will start immediately.
29:35You see, this is the important part for me, because this is what will support everything.
29:39Okay.
29:40I'll just give you a few minutes.
29:41Yeah.
29:42Okay.
29:44Dr. Shaden turns to technology for speed.
29:47Will UV light enhance the faint outlines?
29:50What looked like the inner border, just around the shoulder, the coffin a few days ago, doesn't even show up with this.
30:05So, we're going to have to go back and look at our photographs.
30:08He enlarges and manipulates the inscriptions on high-res digital photos.
30:16But the grooves and indentations carved into the wood are just too faint to make out.
30:21Time has run out for Dr. Shaden.
30:22Dr. Lockman must reinforce the coffin, which means concealing the mystery inscription.
30:32It's covered with tissue paper and brushed with a hardening conservation fluid in preparation for the moment when it will be opened.
30:39It's a long job.
30:40Yeah.
30:41I can feel it.
30:42What I feel from the spectra, it is something soft.
30:43Oh, yes.
30:44There's something inside it.
30:45But what's inside it, we don't know.
30:46Maybe it's a pillow.
30:47Maybe it's a mummy.
30:48Using modern science, the team has a way to see inside before they open the lid.
31:05Is it just more pillows or this time, will they find a mummy?
31:18Using a piece of medical equipment called an endoscope, the archaeologists are going to take a sneak preview inside the sealed coffin of newly discovered tomb KV-63.
31:29Normally used to see inside the human body, in this case, the endoscope will relay images from under the coffin lid.
31:37What we're going to do is try and get some general idea of what's in the large coffin in the back.
31:44Dr. Schaden inserts the probe with its tiny camera into an existing hole in the wood.
31:51It looks like textile.
31:54See this overlapping textile?
31:57That's what you'd want to see a lot of if there's somebody in here.
32:01It's big news.
32:04The textiles could be mummy wrappings.
32:07As Dr. Schaden maneuvers the probe, another object catches his eye.
32:18Nadia?
32:19Yes.
32:20Yes.
32:21Yes.
32:22Yes.
32:23Yes.
32:24Here.
32:25Oh, this is garlic.
32:26No doubt about it.
32:27This is garlic.
32:28Oh my goodness.
32:29I want to go.
32:30Smell it.
32:31To the ancient Egyptians, garlic was sacred and placed in burials as a ritual offering.
32:36This is a plant.
32:37Do you see that?
32:38Back, back again.
32:39Back.
32:40Yes.
32:41Here's the plant.
32:42This is a good sign anyhow because you put the flower on the mummy.
32:44Oh my goodness.
32:45What's here?
32:46Look.
32:47Look.
32:48You see?
32:49What's this?
32:50Hey.
32:51Oh.
32:52Face.
32:53Nose.
32:54This is a nose.
32:55I know.
32:56A mummy would be covered.
32:57You wouldn't see the nose.
32:58Cartoonage, my dear friend.
32:59If that's cartoonage, it would be a mask.
33:01Because, yes.
33:02Yes.
33:03You see the opening of it.
33:04This is a nose.
33:05Maybe.
33:06Maybe.
33:07Is it a nose?
33:09The endoscope camera exploration is inconclusive.
33:11They simply won't know if they've got a mummy on their hands until the coffin lid is lifted.
33:16All the edges are fragile, so we really hope that we can move that coffin without being broken.
33:24Dr. Lokma can't be certain that her conservation work will prevent disintegration.
33:30Her apprehension is not surprising.
33:33In a few hours, the grand opening will take place under the direction of Dr. Zahi Hawass,
33:38Secretary General of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities.
33:44They will lift the lid on the first sealed coffin to be found in the Valley of the Kings since King Tut,
33:51almost a century ago.
33:54The excitement is mounting.
33:57Inside the coffin may lie a member of Tut's lost royal family.
34:03You know, I always say, when I open in my own excavations, I open a tomb that was sealed for thousands of years.
34:13That is something that no one of us as archaeologists can explain.
34:19Before they open the coffin, Dr. Shaden shows Dr. Hawass what they've found so far.
34:25This is the most intriguing one, because this is year five wine from Charu.
34:33Wine?
34:34Yes, Europe.
34:37No, I believe this is...
34:39That's beautiful.
34:41One piece in particular catches his eye.
34:44The painted face that Dr. Lokma calls the princess.
34:47You know, I feel as if the face is alive.
34:50It's coming to me as a person, as a living person.
34:59Based on the evidence, Dr. Hawass draws his own conclusions.
35:04He rejects the theory that it belonged to Tutankhamun's wife, Anka Sanamun.
35:09There is no way that this could be the tomb of the wife of Tutankhamun,
35:13because she married two important kings.
35:16He believes she outlived Tutankhamun and married another pharaoh, so she would have had a far richer burial.
35:22The only one that we can really think of, who's really near the heart of King Tut,
35:28is a woman that history neglected her.
35:31Is a woman that very few people on earth knows her name.
35:35And that was a secondary queen, Queen Kea.
35:39Kea was Tutankhamun's mother, the second wife of his father.
35:44She disappeared from history around the time Tutankhamun was born,
35:49and some historians believe she died in childbirth.
35:53As a second wife, her tomb could have been a small, hastily constructed shaft tomb.
36:02Then they cut the tomb, in my opinion, and they buried the queen.
36:07The big moment has arrived.
36:17The world's press descends on the Valley of the Kings.
36:23Everybody wants to know if the coffin contains a mummy.
36:28For the archaeologists, it's the culmination of three exhausting months of intense scientific analysis and hard graft.
36:38The event is so popular that there's barely room for them in the tiny chamber.
36:45Psst!
36:46Any sound that I will hear in English or in Arabic, I will dismiss everyone out of the tomb.
36:55And I mean it.
36:57Lulachate, please come in.
37:00I'm failing by the law.
37:01Sandro, Sandro.
37:02We have to.
37:03We have to.
37:04Let's finish.
37:05When are you doing it, Sandro, Sandro, Sandro!
37:06The first cop, the first cop.
37:08And that's going to be the cop?
37:09In a minute?
37:10No, the first cop, no it's going to be the cop.
37:12Okay, to see it.
37:14Sorry, please.
37:27Please, please.
37:31Please, please.
37:37There is no mummy, but there is a treasure trove of artifacts unseen by human eyes for
38:02three millennia.
38:10And you can see necklaces that has flowers, look at this flower that comes from it.
38:18And this is the remains of linen, and you can see in one piece here, it's a casing of gold.
38:24We were hoping for a mummy, you know, this is better than a mummy, look, this is like
38:29a bag, it's a papyrus, and it has a hand in here, but my goodness, this is a treasure.
38:46Any one of these finds could represent evidence that exposes the truth about the tomb.
38:51Does it belong to Tutankhamen's mother?
38:55Dr. Hawass thinks he's already seen the most significant clue, the face, which Dr.
39:01Lokma calls the princess.
39:03Look at the way that the artist made the eye, and the eyebrow, nose, and lips.
39:12I could feel from the art style and the face that's similar to King Tut.
39:19This could be the face of his mother.
39:22Dr. Hawass believes that this coffin may have belonged to Tutankhamen's mother, Kiya.
39:30Its discovery in KV-63, so near to Tutankhamen's burial, supports his theory.
39:37Just 15 yards separates them.
39:41And look, just a few feet in front of the tomb.
39:46Actually, it is in front of the tomb.
39:49It's natural that Tutankhamen would want to be buried beside his mother.
39:54As a son, he could make one decision.
40:00Please bury me beside my mother too.
40:10But Dr. Hawass, the final piece of evidence lies in Tutankhamen's own tomb.
40:17Look at the face of this coffin.
40:21If you bring the other face that's found in KV-63, they are similar exactly.
40:29Look at the eyebrow.
40:32Look at how the eyes are made.
40:35I really could say now that this is a good evidence that KV-63 is for the mother of Tutankhamen, Kiya.
40:49Dr. Hawass' theory is persuasive, but the archaeological team wants definite confirmation.
40:56For this, thousands of artifacts will have to be catalogued and analyzed.
41:01Looking to getting home and then getting back to continue to work.
41:10Dr. Otto Schaden and his team know that KV-63 has yet to reveal all its secrets.
41:20So far, they have proof that links the tomb to Tutankhamen.
41:24Inscriptions, seals, royal artifacts, and strikingly similar facial masks.
41:34They have human flesh, evidence of mummies.
41:39But what they still don't have is a name.
41:43They will return next year to open the remaining 16 storage jars,
41:48which they hope will reveal the final clue.
41:51To whom does this royal tomb really belong?