MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 02/04/2025
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00:00Hello and welcome to Mediain TV, thank you for joining us to make a new point on the
00:21news.
00:22Here are the headlines of this day.
00:26Donald Trump has to put in place new customs rights, the world economy could fall
00:31in the face of new commercial battles.
00:35The Israeli Defense Minister announces the extension of the Israeli military operation
00:40in the Gaza Strip.
00:41The goal is to seize large areas of the Palestinian enclave in order to create what the Israeli
00:46government describes as security zones.
00:50In Senegal, the National Assembly is examining a revision of an amnesty law.
00:56This law was adopted in March 2024 in the last weeks of the presidency of Macky Sall
01:01in order to appease political tensions.
01:07In the United States, Donald Trump has to put in place new customs rights, supposed to
01:11inaugurate a golden age in America, but could shake up the world economy.
01:15The new customs must be exposed today, the day of the release, according to Donald Trump,
01:20at 4 p.m. local time, at the White House, that is, just after the closure of the New York Stock Exchange.
01:25This morning, the Asian markets were also very attentive around the balance in order to
01:29learn more about the measures planned.
01:31The impact on the world economy could be phenomenal.
01:36Avoiding it being taken for a April fool, the global tariff reciprocity will be applied
01:42as early as April 2.
01:43This is what the American president said.
01:45Donald Trump has added, on a more serious note, that many countries have taken advantage
01:50of his country for so long, and this will no longer be the case.
01:53According to American officials, customs rights will attract foreign investments,
01:58revitalize the middle class and generate income to compensate for the planned tax cut.
02:06The president's historic action tomorrow will improve American competitiveness in all
02:11areas of the industry.
02:12It will reduce our massive trade deficits and will protect, in the end, our economic
02:17and national security.
02:18President Trump's economic vision is anchored in common sense.
02:21America will offer companies taxes, energy costs and the lowest regulations if they
02:27manufacture their products here, in the United States, and if they hire American workers
02:31for the job.
02:32It's simple.
02:33If you manufacture your products in America, you will not pay customs rights.
02:38However, this tariff instrument has already proven its limits during President Trump's
02:42first term.
02:43No detail has been released on the scope of the new policy, since discussions within
02:48the administration are still underway.
02:50However, the Republican promised last Monday that he could possibly grant exceptions to
02:55many countries.
02:56Treasury Secretary Scott Benson told him that these exceptions concern 15% of US trade
03:03partners.
03:05Things are still in the process of finalizing, but we know that if they see it through to
03:09the end, it could have a severe impact on consumer costs.
03:12It has already had an impact on the markets, so we are all waiting to see the details of
03:17what President Trump has exactly planned.
03:20According to official data, the United States recorded their biggest trade deficits last
03:25year, with China, the European Union, Mexico, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Canada and
03:31India, among other countries.
03:33Faced with this decision by Trump, the reactions of the concerned countries are shared.
03:38Some do not necessarily want to take measures of retaliation, but have a solid plan to
03:43do so if necessary, while others expect an indulgent treatment, such as Vietnam, which
03:48announced that it would reduce its customs rights on a series of goods.
03:53The Israeli Ministry of Defense announced this Wednesday the extension of the Israeli
03:57military operation in the Gaza Strip to seize large areas of the Palestinian enclave.
04:02The spokesman for the Israeli army, Avichai Adrei, addressed yesterday to several residents
04:06of vast areas of the Fah and the city of Khan Younes, calling them to evacuate.
04:11Since the resumption of Israeli bombings, more than 1,000 Palestinians have been killed
04:15in Israeli bombings.
04:20In 10 days, the resumption of Israeli attacks in the Gaza Strip has caused the death of
04:24more than 1,000 Palestinians, of whom more than 320 children, according to UNICEF.
04:29More than 600 children have also been injured since the violation of the ceasefire by Israel.
04:34Explanations with Sheyma Fikri.
04:38UNICEF rings the alarm.
04:40The UN agency for childhood explained that the break of the ceasefire and the resumption
04:45of intense bombing and terrestrial operations in the Gaza Strip would have caused the death
04:50of at least 322 children and would have injured 609 others.
04:55Either an average of more than 100 children killed or mutilated in the last 10 days.
05:01Most of these children were moved and sheltered in fortune tents or damaged housing, added UNICEF.
05:11We were residents of the Fah.
05:13Yesterday, the Israelis threw us out.
05:16Let's say we had to evacuate the Fah to Al-Mawassi.
05:19We are refugees here.
05:21We brought our things, our furniture and everything else.
05:24We stayed in this house.
05:29UNICEF also reported that these figures include children who were killed or injured in an attack
05:35on March 23 against the Surgery Service of the Nasr Hospital in the south of the territory.
05:41In addition to attacking children, the Israeli army called on Monday to evacuate the residents
05:46of several districts of the Fah in the south of the Gaza Strip and to immediately go to Al-Mawassi.
05:52The army explained that it is coming back to fight with force in order to eliminate Hamas.
05:57And on its side, a Hamas official called anyone who could carry weapons to fight.
06:04The Houthis have been four killed in strikes attributed to the United States,
06:08the result of the American aggression that targeted Tuesday night the water management building
06:12in the district of Al-Mansuriyah in the governorate of Hodeidah.
06:16Four people were killed and three injured, said the spokesman for the Ministry of Health Houthi.
06:21And according to local media, American strikes targeted several locations under the control of the rebels,
06:26including hydraulic infrastructure in the governorate of Hodeidah.
06:30Three raids were also reported in the governorate of Hajjah in the northwest,
06:34and three others in the bastion of the rebel group Saada in northern Yemen.
06:40China launched this Wednesday a new large-scale military exercise in the Taiwan Strait.
06:46Beijing says it is training for port attacks and energy infrastructure.
06:50These new exercises will take place in a few days after a tour in Asia of the US defense minister,
06:55Pete Huxwet, who said that Washington would ensure dissuasion in the Taiwan Strait.
07:01Taipei confirmed the holding of these maneuvers and condemned them.
07:05And know that the Taiwan Strait, a key passageway for global maritime transport,
07:09is a major point of tension between great powers, especially between China and the United States.
07:18Ukraine accuses Russia of having violated the partial truce agreement again, according to the head of Ukrainian diplomacy.
07:24A Russian strike targeting the city of Kherson deprived 45,000 of its inhabitants of electricity.
07:30The details with Raj Janko.
07:33Strikes on energy installations continue, and mutual accusations between Moscow and Kiev too.
07:41Riyadh's compromise, announced last week by Washington, remains fragile
07:46and does not seem to be respected by Russia or Ukraine.
07:54After Riyadh, one of the agreements with the United States was not to strike energy infrastructures.
08:00However, Russia continues to violate this agreement.
08:03This morning, a new Russian strike damaged an energy facility in Kherson, depriving 45,000 people of electricity.
08:13Washington announced last week an agreement on the bombing of energy facilities in Ukraine and Russia.
08:20But no precise date has been mentioned, nor under what conditions.
08:25This Tuesday, it is the turn of Russia to accuse its Ukrainian neighbor of having attacked an energy site
08:31in the Russian border region of Belgorod.
08:37Our energy facilities have always been attacked, sometimes with an interruption of one or two days.
08:42The Minister of Defense listed all sites that were energy targets of Ukrainian drones, including those of last night.
08:51Moscow and Kiev transmitted to Washington a list of energy facilities hit by the two belligerents.
08:58Vladimir Zelensky called on the United States to strengthen sanctions against Russia.
09:04According to the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Russia dropped more than 10,000 guided bombs on Ukraine
09:11during the first three months of 2025, including 4,800 for the only month of March.
09:18Boalem Sansal called for his conviction in Algeria.
09:23A call launched as a humanitarian gesture to free this 80-year-old writer.
09:29An announcement that took place two days after a phone call between Emmanuel Macron and his Algerian counterpart
09:35to restart dialogue between the two countries.
09:37The arrest in mid-November of this writer aggravated tensions already strong between France and Algeria,
09:42while Paris had supported in July 2024 the sovereignty of Morocco over its Sahara.
09:47Boalem Sansal was reproached for his words in a French media where he estimated that Algeria had inherited
09:53under French colonization of territories belonging until then to Morocco.
10:00The National Assembly of Senegal examines this Wednesday a revision project of the amnesty law
10:05promulgated by the previous power.
10:07This law was adopted in March 2024 in the last weeks of the presidency of Macky Sall
10:12in order to appease the years of political tension.
10:15It was in favor of this law that Ousmane Sonko and his right-hand man Basir Odiomayfay
10:19were released from prison, just like hundreds of opponents.
10:22It is ultimately a bill of interpretation of the amnesty law that will be debated in the Assembly.
10:27And in case of adoption, murders, assassinations, acts of torture, barbarism or forced disappearances
10:33will be excluded from the field of amnesty.
10:38The Nigerian government released this Tuesday about 50 people, including former ministers of the former regime.
10:43A decision is announced in accordance with the recommendation of the National Assembly
10:47which recently authorized to govern at least five more years
10:50of former ministers, political leaders, ambassadors or even soldiers are part of the released people.
10:56These people benefit from a release in accordance with the recommendation of the National Assemblies
11:01for the re-founding held in February.
11:03This is what the Secretary General of the government said.
11:08The Council of Peace and Security of the African Union calls for an inclusive and true dialogue
11:14to restore confidence, national unity and peace.
11:17Morocco has assured the presidency for March
11:20and has exhorted the authorities of South Sudan to engage in an inclusive and true dialogue
11:25in order to restore confidence, national unity and peace.
11:29The Council has declared itself seriously concerned by the rapid deterioration
11:34of the political and security situation in the Republic of South Sudan
11:38and by the arrest and detention of the first vice-president.
11:44And in the center of Nigeria, the state of Benue faces considerable economic challenges.
11:49Although the region is one of the granaries of fertile agricultural land,
11:52everyday life becomes more and more difficult for its inhabitants.
11:55This is a report by Gilbert Tamba.
11:59The mother of three children, Nwese Ikiloke,
12:02has found an alternative to replace vermicelli and spaghetti,
12:06which had become popular dishes on the children's menu list for breakfast
12:11because of their convenience, low price and easy cooking.
12:20The price of vermicelli is too high.
12:22So I opted for another alternative, like the normal Tom Brown.
12:26I cook it for my children, boil it, I prefer to do it myself.
12:29I dry it and turn it into powder, then I put it in a container.
12:36Many families have removed the vermicelli from their menu
12:39due to the high prices and the low purchasing power.
12:43As in many regions of Nigeria,
12:45inflation is heavily affecting the purchasing power of the inhabitants.
12:49The prices of food products, fuel and basic services,
12:53such as water and electricity, have increased significantly.
12:58Faced with this difficulty, local initiatives are beginning to emerge.
13:03This is the case of this young woman,
13:05who recently lost her job due to unpaid salary by her company.
13:10She decided to sell vermicelli on the side of the road in her neighborhood,
13:14in the suburbs of Makurdi,
13:16to help her family get back on their feet.
13:19Where I was working, I had to stop because there was no patronage.
13:25I had to stop because there was no more clientele.
13:28So the owner of the company asked me to stop working because he couldn't pay anymore.
13:33So I started this job.
13:35It's not easy because the clientele in one day is not huge.
13:39Sometimes in one day, I only sell four dishes.
13:43A lot of factors can cause price increments.
13:46One of the factors can be bad government policies,
13:49and another factor can be...
13:51Many factors can lead to an increase in prices.
13:54One of them is bad government policy.
13:57Another is that we pay more attention to consumption.
14:01Consumption in the sense that we don't produce,
14:04we consume and remain dependent.
14:08Current inflation is fueled by several factors,
14:11including national economic instability,
14:14supply chain disruptions and depreciation of local currency.
14:19Benue is not spared by these economic realities.
14:24Today we celebrate the World Day Against Inflation.
14:28It's a day to remember.
14:30Today we celebrate the World Day Against Inflation.
14:34Today we celebrate the World Day Against Inflation.
14:38According to the World Health Organization,
14:40autism affects 1 in 100 children in all countries and social environments in Morocco.
14:44Although there is no official data,
14:46the latest statistics estimate that more than 800,000 children suffer from autism.
14:50So where is the diagnosis and the management of this syndrome today,
14:54which leads to a permanent deficit of cognitive, linguistic and relational functions?
14:59And to understand a little more about the issues of this awareness day,
15:02we are live with Professor Saïd Alhounsali,
15:05teacher and researcher at the University of Mohamed V of Rabat
15:08and a member of the collective Autisme Maroc.
15:10Hello.
15:12Hello, Madam.
15:14So to begin with, what characterizes autism?
15:21First of all, I thank you for the interest you have in the issue of disability in general,
15:28autism in particular.
15:31To answer your question,
15:34classically autism is defined by the fact that it is a spectrum disorder,
15:42it is a spectrum characterized by a communication disorder,
15:47restricted interests.
15:49But I would rather define it because it is not,
15:53to be able to define it because it is.
15:57And I opt for this way of defining it,
16:02to a little refute the prejudices made on autism.
16:07Autism is not a disease to treat,
16:10it is not a handicap to compensate,
16:12it is not a disorder to cure,
16:14it is a state,
16:17it is a state of human diversity.
16:23And it is through this state that the autistic person perceives the world differently,
16:29interacts with the world differently.
16:32And so this is how human diversity is established.
16:38Moreover, autistic people and their families are now advocating for a new concept,
16:44the concept of neurodiversity.
16:46Neurodiversity, each of us perceives the world in its own way.
16:50Moreover, among the characteristics of autism,
16:55it is the sensory problem.
16:59Some say it is a sensory disorder.
17:03Other people say it is more of a sensory experience.
17:09For example, hypersensitivity or hypersensitivity to light,
17:13to sound, to smell,
17:15to several modes of everyday life.
17:22Each of us perceives light differently from the other.
17:27I will even claim that there are as many autists as there are autism.
17:33And each autistic person is unique,
17:38they do not look like the other,
17:40it is a matter of DNA.
17:43Moreover, other researchers say that it is more of a cognitive style
17:49rather than a cognitive disorder or a cognitive difficulty.
17:53This is how we can conceive human diversity in a different way
17:58and enter the mode of acceptance of general disabilities
18:02and disorders in particular.
18:06For example, this year, the theme...
18:08The theme, yes.
18:11I mean, to finish,
18:15the theme of 2025 is to promote neurodiversity
18:20in the objectives of human development.
18:25Promoting neurodiversity
18:28is to push public policies to conceive autism in a different way
18:35and towards another form of inclusion in society,
18:41in education, in health care.
18:44We will talk about inclusion later
18:46and about initiatives that will be implemented by the government.
18:51Autism manifests itself early in children,
18:54but it is often diagnosed very late.
18:57Within the Autism Morocco collective,
18:59you warn about the inequalities of access to early diagnosis in Morocco.
19:03Would this delay be linked to a lack of specialized structures?
19:09So, we will rather try to understand things in a more precise way.
19:20It is true that public policies provide a lot of effort
19:25to set up programs,
19:32to help civil society.
19:35For example,
19:38I am talking about the Ministry of Health.
19:41In 2019, the Ministry of Solidarity set up a training program
19:46to qualify people with autism.
19:49The Autism Morocco collective also set up in 2019
19:54the first specialized AUD on autism
19:59in partnership with the Faculty of Medicine of Casablanca,
20:05the National Centre for Disabled People,
20:08the Orange Foundation, the Sousa Foundation in Belgium.
20:11All this is to mutualize efforts
20:15to be able to, first of all,
20:18before taking charge,
20:20to diagnose early autism.
20:24It is not easy to diagnose,
20:26especially since the first signs
20:29are not announced early
20:32in relation to family observations.
20:36Currently, perhaps in recent months or recent years,
20:41there are other methods that are very effective.
20:43For example, H.E.R.I.K.I.N.
20:45H.E.R.I.K.I.N. is a technique that was experimented in Morocco last year.
20:55But it is still insufficient in relation to expectations,
21:01in relation to the autistic population in Morocco,
21:05which accounts for about 400,000 autistic people,
21:10or 1% of the population.
21:14Even if it is still an approximate figure
21:17because we do not have official statistics on the number of autistic people.
21:21So the problem of early diagnosis
21:25is a problem that leads to other problems.
21:28It is the problem of support,
21:30the problem of taking charge,
21:33it is the problem of school,
21:35it is the problem of health care,
21:37it is the problem of support,
21:38it is the problem of communication,
21:39it is the problem of pushing.
21:41So, precisely, what are the main difficulties
21:44that Moroccan families face
21:46in access to care adapted for their children
21:48who can be diagnosed as autistic?
21:53I misheard the question.
21:55So, what are the main difficulties
21:59that families face
22:02when one of their children can be diagnosed as autistic?
22:07Maybe in terms of taking charge?
22:10The main difficulties are first of all
22:14access to diagnostic methods,
22:17especially in the rural world.
22:19It is the cost.
22:21The cost is excessive.
22:23We have not yet trained enough professionals,
22:29medical, paramedical, psychological,
22:34educational.
22:36We do not have enough professionals
22:38who master the tools,
22:40the different diagnostic tools.
22:42There are several tools that can diagnose
22:46the first signs of autism,
22:48the visual signs of autism.
22:52And so these tools are very effective.
22:54But we still need to strengthen training
22:58within health professionals,
23:03professionals in the world of education
23:06to be able to diagnose early.
23:08But I will add,
23:13there is a great discrepancy
23:15between the urban world and the rural world.
23:20In terms of access to care,
23:24but there is also, as I said at the beginning,
23:27the excessive cost.
23:29Because going to an orthophonist,
23:31a psychomotorist, a kinesiotherapist,
23:33an ergotherapist,
23:35is not within the reach of all families.
23:39And I believe that
23:41we need to plan other forms,
23:45within the amoeba, for example,
23:47to be able to compensate for the burden of families.
23:51Some families cannot access care,
23:54cannot access diagnostics,
23:56they do not even know what to do
23:58to be able to reduce the mental burden,
24:04the emotional burden,
24:06and the material burden to support their children.
24:09So you said it yourself,
24:11there is a lack of professionals
24:13trained in early diagnosis of autistic children.
24:17Could the integration of educational technology
24:19and remote solutions,
24:21such as applications or telemedicine,
24:23could it be a solution,
24:25even in remote areas?
24:27Even though in these areas,
24:29access to technology is often so limited.
24:32I understand that you are asking about
24:36alternative remote solutions.
24:39Absolutely, yes.
24:41And even telemedicine.
24:43My personal answer is yes and no at the same time.
24:51Yes, because alternative solutions,
24:55especially technological solutions,
24:58can slightly reduce the intensity of the gap
25:02between the rural world and the urban world, for example.
25:05It is to promote the means and educational tools
25:09that can help not only to diagnose,
25:13but also to support,
25:15to implement relevant educational programs
25:19to be able to control
25:23the different sensitivities
25:30in an autistic person within the school, for example.
25:33Because in our collective, even in Morocco,
25:36we plead for complete inclusivity
25:39at the public school, at the normal school.
25:42But I also say no.
25:45Why?
25:47Because direct contact remains essential,
25:51it remains essential.
25:53By the way, I now see on your screen
25:57an educator who is working with a child
26:01face-to-face.
26:03Face-to-face is important
26:05because working on communication difficulties,
26:09on concentration difficulties,
26:11on the problem of visual sight,
26:13on the problem of fixation,
26:15it is difficult to go through
26:19remote technologies.
26:21It is a question of mutual work,
26:25of sensitivity,
26:30of communication between two people.
26:32And here I mean that an autistic person
26:36is not an isolated person from the world.
26:38We believe that it is an isolated person from the world.
26:40No, it is a person who has his way of seeing the world
26:43and sometimes he expresses,
26:45especially among non-verbal autistic people,
26:49I say it in quotation marks,
26:51who express their needs through methods
26:54that are not pertinent to us.
26:57And while it is a way of saying,
27:02I exist, I am here, I have needs,
27:05I have to transmit them to others in my own way.
27:11These children are often over-skilled.
27:16These children are often over-skilled
27:20because they have a unique way of thinking
27:22and of seeing things.
27:26Do you hear us, Professor?
27:30Do you hear us?
27:33Very badly.
27:35Very well.
27:36Professor Hesseid Hansali,
27:38thank you very much for all these details.
27:40I remind you that you are a teacher,
27:42a researcher at the Mohammed V University of Rabat
27:44and a member of the Autism Morocco collective.
27:48Thank you, Madam.
27:50Dear viewers,
27:52this is the end of this newscast.
27:54Thank you for following it, but stay with us.
27:56The news continues on Mediain TV.
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