MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 28/03/2025
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00:00Hello and welcome to Medea TV, it's a pleasure to see you again to make a new point on the
00:22news.
00:23Here are the headlines of this newspaper.
00:24His Majesty, King Mohammed VI, Amir al-Mu'minin, presided yesterday evening at the Royal Palace
00:30of Rabaa, a religious village, in commemoration of Laylat al-Qadr and development at the beginning
00:35of the newspaper.
00:36Burma, hit by a powerful earthquake, about twenty deaths and many injured, are
00:43reported by local authorities.
00:45The Sudanese army claims to have taken control of Khartoum, a territory conquered a week
00:53after the resumption of the presidential palace to the paramilitary.
00:56His Majesty, King Mohammed VI, Amir al-Mu'minin, accompanied by His Royal Highness, Prince
01:05Eritrean Moulay al-Hassan, His Royal Highness, Prince Moulay al-Rashid, His Highness, Prince
01:09Moulay Ahmed and His Highness, Prince Moulay Ismail, presided yesterday at the Royal Palace
01:14of Rabaa, a religious village, in commemoration of Laylat al-Qadr.
01:17After the prayers of Isha and Taraweeh, the closure of Sahih al-Bukhari was proceeded
01:23by the verses of the Holy Qur'an, recited by Maryam Asim, laureate of the National Prize
01:28Mohammed VI, of memorization, declamation and psalmology of the Holy Qur'an.
01:34All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, the Beneficent, the Merciful,
01:39King of the Day of Recompense.
01:42It is You we worship and You we ask for help.
01:46Guide us to the straight path, the path of those who have not gone astray.
01:51His Majesty, King Mohammed VI, gave the prizes to the people of the Qur'an and the people of Hadith,
01:55to Mohammed al-Dereksi al-Tahiri of the city of Agadir and to Mustafa al-Azariyah of the city of Tetouan.
02:01The Sovereign also gave the prize to Mohammed VI of the Qur'anic schools in these three categories,
02:06to Abdullah Khayyali of the city of Sraghna, to Abdullah Rais of Tiznit, and to Mohammed Mazouz of Tangier.
02:11His Majesty, King Mohammed VI, also gave the prize to Mohammed VI for memorization,
02:16in these two categories, to Ayyub Nadi of Tangier and to Abd Qadir bin Rabah of Wadzim.
02:31And at the approach of the 250th anniversary of the recognition of the United States by Morocco,
02:43the American Congress is preparing to implement a historic decision.
02:46The congressmen presented at the Capitol an unprecedented resolution recognizing the historical friendship
02:52and the strategic partnership between Morocco and the United States.
02:55The explanations with Dina Mrini.
02:58It is a sentence of great importance because it is the first sentence of the first letter
03:07sent by the American Congress to the Kingdom of Morocco in 1780,
03:12where it reaffirms the recognition of the lasting friendship between Morocco and the United States of America.
03:19The first of December 2027 will mark a highly symbolic moment for diplomatic relations between Washington and Rabah.
03:29250 years since Morocco became the first country in the world to recognize the independence of the United States.
03:36This historical recognition, initiated by Sultan Sidi Mohammed bin Abdullah in 1777,
03:43laid the foundations for a partnership that still persists today.
03:48The Treaty of Peace and Friendship, signed in 1787 between the two nations,
03:53remains the oldest diplomatic agreement ever maintained without interruption by the United States.
04:01The American Congress currently has a resolution project
04:05that talks about the long-standing friendship between the United States and Morocco.
04:10And we here at the American Congress are delighted because we are really the symbol of this friendship.
04:17In fact, between the United States and Morocco, there are many firsts, as they say in English.
04:23For example, Morocco was the first country to recognize the United States.
04:28The Treaty of Friendship, signed between the two countries,
04:32is the first international treaty signed by the United States, which is still in force.
04:38The American Allegation of Tangier, the first diplomatic property of the United States abroad,
04:43is a symbol of their commitment to collaborate with their international partners,
04:48which is a testament to this long-standing diplomatic relationship.
04:52This is the first diplomatic place in the world.
04:55At the entrance of the Allegation, you will discover all the photos of the kings of Morocco
05:00and the presidents of the United States,
05:04really to show you how long this friendship has lasted and improved over the years.
05:10It started with President George Washington,
05:15who wrote many letters to the Sultan.
05:20In fact, these are some of the first letters we have in our archives with international people.
05:30Washington and Rabat share a multidimensional strategic partnership
05:34that includes trade, security, the fight against terrorism and military cooperation.
05:40Morocco is the only African country to have a free trade agreement with the United States.
05:45The Congress' resolution calls for strengthening cooperation in terms of investment and innovation
05:52with a growing interest in the sectors of energy transition, digital and new technologies.
06:00A powerful earthquake of magnitude 7.7 hit this Friday the center of Burma.
06:06Local authorities report around 20 deaths and dozens of injured.
06:10An American geological site specifies that the quake occurred 16 km northwest of the city of Sagang,
06:16in the Burmese capital.
06:18The roads were deformed by the effects of the quakes
06:20and pieces of ceilings fell from the buildings.
06:23The quakes were felt up to Thailand,
06:25where at least three deaths were reported in Bangkok.
06:31The Sudanese army claimed to have taken total control of Khartoum
06:35a week after taking over the presidential palace.
06:38The spokesman for the army announced, I quote,
06:40that he had cleaned by force the last pockets of Minister Aglo in the locality of Khartoum.
06:46The commander of the army, General Al-Fateh Al-Burhan,
06:48had declared Khartoum free from the presidential palace,
06:52after an offensive launched by his troops to reconquer the capital by paramilitaries.
07:00And Palestinian sources close to Hamas have been in negotiations
07:03on Thursday in Doha between the Palestinian movement and the Egyptian mediators
07:07and Qatari to restart a ceasefire and an agreement of exchange of Palestinian prisoners
07:11against hostages in Gaza.
07:13Discussions focus on the possibility of setting up a truce
07:18during Eid al-Fitr, the Muslim holiday marking the end of the month of Ramadan.
07:22Indirect negotiations between Hamas and Israel have been at a deadlock since March 1,
07:27the date of the first phase of the ceasefire.
07:39Donald Trump's desire to impose punitive taxes on imported cars in the United States next week
07:46arouses suspicion among his commercial partners.
07:49The American president announced that he would impose, from April 3,
07:5225% of additional customs rights on some spare parts of assembled vehicles on American soil.
07:58And to understand the impact of this decision,
08:01I suggest you listen to the reaction of Mehdi Lahlou, economist and professor
08:05at the National Institute of Statistics and Applied Economics in Auraba.
08:09In reality, those who are targeted are Europeans and Chinese.
08:13However, it turns out that Morocco works as well with the Europeans as with the Chinese
08:17and practically everything that will be exported from Morocco to the American territory
08:22will suffer the same consequences as all the rest of the automobile manufacturers.
08:26It turns out that now the automotive sector in Morocco
08:30is one of the flourishing industrial transformations that the country has experienced for several years.
08:34Obviously, this will affect it with full force,
08:37in the sense that all the exports of automobiles, of car parts,
08:41given that Morocco produces parts that are integrated either in French cars or in Chinese cars,
08:46the sector will be strongly affected.
08:49It is an increase in prices.
08:50Automatically, when you impose customs rights, in fact, they are taxes.
08:53Once you have imposed the right, as soon as the product enters the territory,
08:58its price automatically increases.
09:00And so you will have an increase in price of 25%,
09:03which indicates that sales of foreign cars on American territory
09:07will see their price increase by an analog proportion.
09:10In addition to the base price of sales on the market.
09:12And so this would normally encourage the American automobile sector
09:16to get out of the situation they know in cities like Detroit in particular.
09:21But on the American market, on two cars that are sold,
09:24a car is imported, either from China or from Europe.
09:27However, as Morocco now has important relations on the industrial level,
09:31on the economic level, and of course on the political level with China,
09:34Morocco is practically targeted by American commercial policy.
09:39Nigeria is facing a growing political crisis
09:42after President Bolotinobu declared the state of emergency.
09:46In the state of Rivers, and in this state rich in oil,
09:49the governor, his assistant and all legislators of the State Parliament were suspended.
09:54The lawyers of opposition party leaders and civil society
09:57question the legality of the decision of the Nigerian president.
10:01The point with Gilbert Tamba.
10:04The state of Rivers, located in the heart of the Niger Delta, rich in oil,
10:09is a symbol of prosperity, but also a region marked by many challenges.
10:14Last week, an important moment in the history of the country took place.
10:19President Bolotinobu declared the state of emergency.
10:23A decision that is subject to criticism by lawyers of the Nigerian Parliament,
10:27political parties and civil society.
10:30For me as an individual, I am highly disappointed.
10:33I am very disappointed, Mr. President, to have made this decision,
10:37because we are all aware of the problems in the state of Rivers.
10:41It is the crisis between the former governor of the state of Rivers,
10:44Yesom Waik, who is now the minister of the FCT,
10:48and the current governor, Sim Fubara.
10:53In his address, Bolotinobu explained that he was speaking
10:57at a time of deep concern for the state of Rivers,
11:01insisting that his government followed the situation in the state of Rivers
11:05and that it had become obvious that the challenges that the oil state is facing
11:09exceed the capacity of local authorities to manage them effectively.
11:14Mr. Tamba decided to declare the state of emergency in the state of Rivers.
11:19But the president's arguments deviate the Nigerians.
11:23For me, I think what the president did was good.
11:29I think he consulted before making the decision.
11:32So, in my opinion, he did a good job.
11:36For those who understand Nigerian political history,
11:41you will know that there are forces behind Fubara.
11:44It is not only the crisis between him and Waik, but it is more of a PDP and APC affair.
11:50It is more of a PDP and APC affair.
11:54In the past, attacks against oil fields have been led by criminal gangs or militants,
12:00paralyzing production and exports.
12:04But in the context of the explosion,
12:06a political split has reached its peak in the state of Rivers.
12:10Governor Simini Layi Fubara is a member of the Democratic Party
12:14of the former vice-president Atikouba Bokar,
12:17a victim of internal conflicts.
12:19The legislature of the state of Rivers, divided,
12:22had threatened to destroy the governor and his adjunct.
12:25The best option for him to do is not to declare the state of emergency.
12:33If he suspended the governor, the state of emergency should not have taken over.
12:38I think it's a bad decision.
12:41I think that's a wrong decision, actually.
12:46The state of emergency will allow the federal government
12:49to lead the state within six months, according to President Bolatinobu,
12:53and to send security forces if necessary.
12:56This is not the first time that the state of emergency has been decreed in Nigeria.
13:00Former presidents have used it to try to contain
13:04the insurrection and instability in different regions of the country.
13:10In Senegal, the Ministry of Family and Solidarity
13:13has launched the elaboration of the Law on Women's Economic Autonomy.
13:18In collaboration with the European Union and the NGO Enabel,
13:21Senegal wants to create the conditions of well-being
13:24for women in all sectors of activity.
13:26This is a report by Sirmi Boukaka and Cheikh Ndao.
13:30Elaborate the Law on Women's Economic Autonomy,
13:34this is the vision of the Senegalese authorities.
13:37It is in this context that the Ministry of Family and Solidarity
13:41plans to set up a pilot committee of the said project.
13:45It will be through a participatory and inclusive approach
13:49to which all actors of the ecosystem will be associated
13:55in order to reach a consolidated and coherent database.
14:02According to the representative of the Ministry of Family and Solidarity,
14:05the unemployment of the active population, estimated at 16.9%,
14:09affects more women than men,
14:12respectively 22.1% versus 9.6%.
14:16In order to carry out these work, different strategies have been proposed.
14:21First, there will be a diagnostic, a cartography
14:25of all the devices that exist today
14:28to see what works and what does not work as well today
14:33in relation to women's economic autonomy.
14:35The second step will be to enter into the process of elaboration of this law
14:40in a very consultative and participatory way.
14:44That is to say, to listen to all the actors,
14:47women, men, entrepreneurs, the private sector, the State, in the regions.
14:51We are very happy to be able to associate ourselves with our Senegalese partner,
14:55to be able to support all initiatives in this direction,
14:58whether it is in terms of women's economic autonomy
15:01but also many other initiatives that we support through our partnership.
15:06Beyond the structuring of this project,
15:08the expectations of rural women remain numerous.
15:11These are brave women who live in the most remote villages in Senegal
15:16and who are generally faced with a lack of education.
15:20In general, these are women who have not been to school.
15:24And today, these are the pillars of the move.
15:27I think that today, this law on women's autonomy
15:32will bring them a lot,
15:35especially if we take into account their needs.
15:38According to the Senegalese authorities,
15:41the Committee for the Pilotage of the Law on Women's Economic Autonomy
15:46is made up of members of the Ministry of the Family,
15:49the Directorate for Women's Autonomy,
15:52the sectoral ministries, the National Assembly,
15:55technical and financial partners,
15:57women's organizations, among others.
16:03And to come back to the recent developments in Sudan,
16:07we are live with Mohamed Eshkondi,
16:09specialist in governance in Africa
16:11and professor at the University of Mohamed V in Rabat.
16:13Hello.
16:16Hello.
16:18So, just a few days after the resumption of essential buildings in Khartoum,
16:23including the presidential palace,
16:25how do you explain this shift in the situation in the Sudanese capital?
16:30It must be said that in recent months,
16:32we have seen a considerable evolution of the situation
16:36in favor of the official army, of course.
16:40And this can be explained for several reasons.
16:44In our opinion, first of all, it can be explained by the offensive,
16:48the strong offensive launched by the official army in January.
16:52It can also be explained by the evolution of international conflicts,
16:57because there is still, it must be said,
16:59more and more pressure exerted on the rapid support forces
17:04that are accused by humanitarian organizations
17:08because, as you know, humanitarian law plays an important role
17:14in the degradation of the situation.
17:19We provide emergency aid to organizations.
17:25So, there have been reports of these organizations
17:28and there have been some denunciations.
17:31And also, the United States is accusing the support forces
17:37of having committed genocide.
17:40So, we can say that this is a situation that has evolved favorably
17:45in relation to the official army, as I have just said,
17:48because the official army has also resumed control of Qatar.
17:53Qatar is the capital.
17:57As you know, in April 2023,
18:01the cartons that fell somehow emanated from the Arab forces.
18:06And so, now the fact that the official army
18:11is symbolic, first of all,
18:13it is symbolic of the capacity of the official army to resume control.
18:18In other cities, we have seen that the official army
18:22has resumed the role of the institution
18:25that embodies sovereignty,
18:28that is, the love of the presidential office.
18:31And by the way, in Geneva,
18:33a small speech from the presidential office
18:36to say that it was not only the release of the cartons,
18:41it was also the total liberation of the country.
18:45So, that means that the official army
18:48has been able to reverse the situation in a favorable way in its favor.
18:54So, you said it at the moment,
18:56after almost two years of war,
18:58there are tens of thousands of deaths
19:00and the displacement of some 12 million people is reported by the UN.
19:04The paramilitaries have stated that they will continue to fight,
19:07that the war is not over,
19:09despite the success of General Burhan's army.
19:14No, we cannot say that the war is over
19:16because even the rapid support forces
19:18say that they want,
19:20their ambition is also to resume carton control
19:25and to continue to advance in other parts of the country.
19:28So, we cannot say that the resumption of carton control
19:32has just marked the end of a war
19:37that has been going on for two years now.
19:42But in any case,
19:45this resumption of carton control by the official army
19:48is a symbolic advance for the official army,
19:51both from a military point of view,
19:54at the level of airways control,
19:57because we have also seen
19:59that there was the resumption of airport control,
20:02of cartons,
20:04and so that means land routes,
20:07so it is an advance in favor of the official army.
20:10But there is still,
20:12that is to say, the war is still there,
20:14for now, until the end of the war.
20:16Well, the leaders have not come to an agreement.
20:19I don't care because I just told you
20:21that General Burhan's objective
20:23is the total liberation of the country,
20:25the rapid support forces.
20:27It has not yet been defeated
20:29and continues to control other parts,
20:32notably Darfur,
20:34at the level of the east of the country.
20:37And so that means that
20:39it continues to be pursued.
20:41But there is still a pressure
20:43from the international community
20:45and from regional institutions
20:48so that this war,
20:50which has had disastrous consequences,
20:53is on the elements,
20:55on the state of affairs of the country,
20:58because instead of going forward,
21:01it is falling back into underdevelopment.
21:05So you see the adventures
21:08that are induced by this war
21:11between the two parties,
21:13between the official army
21:15and the rapid support forces.
21:17So, you just said it,
21:20the role of international organizations.
21:22Precisely, what was the role
21:24of the African Union in this conflict?
21:26How has the organization contributed
21:28or still contributes to the resolution
21:30of this war?
21:32You know, the African Union
21:34always contributes,
21:36although it tries to contribute
21:38in a significant way.
21:40Because among the prerogatives
21:42of the African Union,
21:44especially the Council of Peace
21:46and Security of the African Union,
21:48is to prevent the occurrence
21:50of possible crises.
21:52And when the risks degenerate
21:54and lead to crises,
21:56the African Union tries,
21:58through mediation,
22:00to find a solution to the crisis.
22:02And these mediations,
22:04most of the time,
22:06are operated by regional economic communities.
22:08Because there is a principle
22:10of subsidiarity,
22:12that is, the African Union
22:14delegates to regional economic communities
22:16in terms of their proximity
22:18and the role of certain crises.
22:20So there are regional economic communities,
22:22like the IGAD,
22:24that have tried mediation.
22:26But the problem, you know,
22:28sometimes the African Union
22:30tries mediation,
22:32the African Union coordinates
22:34with regional economic communities,
22:36but quickly there are other mediations
22:38that go beyond the continental
22:40and regional framework,
22:42that come to supervise.
22:44And so it creates the impression
22:46that the intervention
22:48of the African Union
22:50was not very impactful
22:52in terms of the crisis.
22:54So it is possible
22:56that through
22:58the Security Council,
23:00through mediation,
23:02sometimes the African Union
23:04also takes action
23:06to prevent
23:08the occurrence of crises.
23:10So we will finish
23:12with this question and to come back
23:14to the outbreak of this war.
23:16Sudan is the third largest country
23:18in Africa.
23:20The North is currently held by the army,
23:22the South is occupied by the rapid support forces.
23:24Can we go back to the outbreak of the conflict?
23:26Were tensions palpable
23:28before the official beginning
23:30of the fighting in April 2023?
23:34You know,
23:36at the origin of this conflict,
23:38it is a political risk.
23:40It is a political risk, as I just said,
23:42which has not been well managed,
23:44which has not been anticipated,
23:46which has not been domesticated.
23:48And so this political risk
23:50degenerated into a political crisis.
23:52The political crisis,
23:54its materialization,
23:56was the confrontation,
23:58the confrontation
24:00that we witnessed on the ground
24:02at the level of Sudan.
24:04So the trigger,
24:06there was 2019,
24:08it was Omar al-Bashir's departure.
24:10Omar al-Bashir participated
24:12in civil and military actions.
24:14At one point,
24:16in 2021,
24:18the organization emigrated
24:20to the military field
24:22if there were rivalries
24:24between the official army and the FSR.
24:26Because the position
24:28is the integration
24:30of rapid forces
24:32in the official army.
24:34So it's not
24:36just the expression,
24:38it's the road that made it overflow.
24:40So the rapid forces
24:42were not in a position
24:44to give way
24:46to rivalries.
24:48So that's how the conflict
24:50has degenerated
24:52into a political crisis.
24:54And there is in particular
24:56the highlight of this conflict,
24:58it was a bit the refusal
25:00of the rapid forces
25:02to reintegrate the official army.
25:04Well, thank you very much.
25:06In keeping with the autumn.
25:08In keeping with the autumn, of course.
25:10Thank you for answering our questions.
25:12I remind you that you are a specialist
25:14in governance in Africa and a professor
25:16at the University of Rabat.
25:20We continue this news.
25:22Back to Morocco,
25:24with the occasion of the Night of Destiny,
25:26and the approach of the Eid al-Fitr,
25:28where traditional clothing stores
25:30are sold in bulk.
25:32The occasion is also to highlight
25:34the explanations with Dina Mreni.
25:38Like all the regions of Morocco,
25:40the stores in the city of Salé
25:42know a strong demand
25:44for traditional clothing
25:46during the month of Ramadan,
25:48especially in the approach
25:50of the Night of Destiny
25:52and Eid al-Fitr.
25:54This is evidenced by the attachment
25:56of Moroccans to their customs
25:58and traditions,
26:00as well as the desire
26:02to preserve their heritage.
26:04I have been a traditional clothing
26:06merchant for a long time.
26:08I inherited this profession
26:10from father to son.
26:12During this sacred month,
26:14we know a great influx
26:16of young and less young people
26:18who come to buy gandoras,
26:20jilaba or jabador,
26:22to celebrate the Night of Destiny
26:24or Eid al-Fitr.
26:26The purchase of these traditional clothes
26:28is one of the essential preparations
26:30by buying them this kind of clothing.
26:34The jilaba, a true emblem
26:36of the Moroccan clothing identity,
26:38reigns supreme during this period.
26:40Young and less young people
26:42flock to traditional clothing stores
26:44to find the model they like.
26:52On the occasion of the Night of Destiny
26:54and Eid al-Fitr and throughout the month of Ramadan,
26:56many Moroccans like to buy traditional clothes.
26:58This allows us to preserve
27:00our cultural heritage
27:02and make it known to future generations
27:04as they bear witness to our national identity.
27:10These religious events
27:12are also an opportunity
27:14to revitalize traditional Moroccan craftmanship
27:16and highlight its richness
27:18and unique character.
27:20This is the end of this newscast.
27:22Thank you for following it.
27:24Stay with us for the news.
27:26Stay well.